不同类型微生物钝化固定镉污染的研究进展  

Research Progress of Different Types of Microorganisms Passivation and Fixation of Cadmium Contamination

作　　者：陈瑞红 秦永丽[1] 赖凤 蒋永荣[1] CHEN Ruihong;QIN Yongli;LAI Feng;JIANG Yongrong(School of Life and Environmental Sciences,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学生命与环境科学学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2024年第6期87-93,116,共8页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52060004);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2021KY0204)。

摘　　要：这是一篇矿山生态修复领域的论文。近年来,微生物钝化固定逐渐成为重金属污染治理领域的研究热点。结合典型菌株与重金属镉的钝化固定规律对微生物钝化固定镉的机制进行归纳:(1)微生物细胞壁及胞外聚合物(EPS)具有丰富的基团,如羧基、羟基等,能够有效吸附Cd^(2+),并提供成核位点,钝化为晶体矿物;(2)环境中的硫酸盐还原菌、溶磷菌、产脲酶菌可通过自身代谢,生成金属沉淀,通过微环境变化,形成晶体矿物;铁锰氧化菌是通过自身代谢产物间接吸附重金属离子。研究微生物钝化固定镉的反应机制及含镉晶体矿物形成微观环境条件,对修复镉污染有重要意义。This is an article in the field of ecological restoration of mines.In recent years,the microbial passivation and fixation has gradually become a hotspot in the field of heavy metal contamination control.Here is a review to summarize the mechanism of microbial passivation and fixation of cadmium based on the passivation and immobilization of typical strains and heavy metal cadmium:(1)Microbial cell walls and extracellular polymers(EPS)have abundant groups,such as carboxyl,hydroxyl,etc.,which can effectively adsorb Cd^(2+),and passivated into crystalline minerals.(2)Sulfate-reducingbacteria,phosphate-dissolving bacteria,urease-producing bacteria in the environment can generate metal precipitates through their own metabolism,and then form crystal minerals through changes in the microenvironment.Fe/Mn oxidizing microorganisms indirectly adsorb heavy metal ions through their own metabolites.To study the reaction mechanism of microbial passivation and immobilization of cadmium and the formation of microenvironment conditions of cadmium-containing crystal minerals,which is of great significance for the remediation of cadmium pollution.

关 键 词：矿山生态修复 微生物 镉污染 钝化固定 机理 

分 类 号：TD989[矿业工程—选矿]