基于SCD和LSM的星载红外图像实时拼接技术  

Spaceborne Infrared Images Stitching based on SCD and LSM

作　　者：孙方德 王敏 苗少波[1,2] 刘宇 王港 朱进[1,2] SUN Fangde;WANG Min;MIAO Shaobo;LIU Yu;WANG Gang;ZHU Jin(The 54th Research Institution of CETC,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050081;CETC Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Applications,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050081)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所,河北石家庄050081 [2]中国电子科技集团公司航天信息应用技术重点实验室,河北石家庄050081

出　　处：《航天技术与工程学报》2024年第3期44-51,共8页

摘　　要：图像拼接在地理信息系统(GIS)中被广泛用于大规模地表分析。然而,由于图像拼接算法计算量巨大,多数现有的拼接方法只能用于离线处理。本文提出了一种星载实时红外图像拼接算法。首先,基于余弦差和的快速模板匹配算法来对序列图像进行粗匹配。粗匹配算法利用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)进行加速。另外,本文利用基于快速最小二乘匹配(LSM)算法实现相邻帧图像精匹配,该算法在保证匹配精度的情况下显著减少误差。此外,快速最小二乘匹配可以有效地适应图像噪声。基于所提出的粗-精图像配准算法,本文提出一种星载实时红外图像实时拼接算法,可以高效地生成无缝镶嵌图像。实验表明,本文所提出的算法计算高效,且对各种噪声和几何失真具有鲁棒性。Image Stitching is widely used in Geographic Information Systems(GISs)for largescale ground surface analysis.However,most existing mosaicking methods can only be used in off line processing due to the enormous amounts of computation.In this paper,we propose a novel and practical algorithm for real-time infrared video mosaicking.To achieve this,a novel fast template matching algorithm based on Sum of Cosine Differences(SCD)is proposed to coarsely match the sequential images.The high speed of the proposed template matching algorithm is obtained by computing correlation with Fast Fourier Transform(FFT).We also propose a novel fast Least Squares Matching(LSM)algorithm for inter-frame fine registration,which can significantly reduce the computation without degrading the matching accuracy.In addition,the proposed fast LSM can effectively adapt for noise degradation and geometric distortion.Based on the proposed fast template matching algorithm and fine registration algorithm,we develop a practical real-time mosaicking approach which can produce seamless mosaic image highly efficiently.Experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is computationally efficient and robust against various noise and geometric distortions.

关 键 词：快速傅里叶变换 最小二乘匹配 图像拼接 模板匹配 

分 类 号：TP751.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]