不同遮阴条件对北美冬青幼苗叶片光合特性与超微结构的影响  

Effects of Different Shading Conditions on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Ultrastructure of Ilex verticillata Seedling Leaves

作　　者：王玉莹 吴生海 王金玲[1] 吕伟伟 于志会 杨春波[1] 杜凤国[1,3] WANG Yuying;WU Shenghai;WANG Jinling;LÜWeiwei;YU Zhihui;YANG Chunbo;DU Fengguo(Forestry College of Beihua University,Jilin 132013,China;Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Jiamusi 154007,China;Key Lab of State Forestry Administration on Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Precious and Rare Forest Resources in Changbai Mountain,Jilin 132013,China)

机构地区：[1]北华大学林学院,吉林吉林132013 [2]黑龙江省林业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [3]长白山特色森林资源保育与高效利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室,吉林吉林132013

出　　处：《北华大学学报（自然科学版）》2025年第1期17-23,共7页Journal of Beihua University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家林业和草原局林业外来物种调查与研究专项(KJZXSA202019)。

摘　　要：研究不同遮阴条件下北美冬青(Ilex verticillata)幼苗叶片的光合生理特性与超微结构,揭示其对光的适应规律、光合与超微结构关系,为北美冬青引种栽培、苗木培育和经营提供依据。以3 a生北美冬青实生苗为研究对象,采用Li-6800光合仪测定全光(L_(0))、35%遮阴(L_(35))、55%遮阴(L_(55))和75%遮阴(L_(75))4种遮阴条件下北美冬青幼苗叶片的光合指标、叶绿素荧光,利用扫描电镜观察北美冬青叶片超微结构。结果表明:7月4种处理净光合速率日变化曲线呈单峰;北美冬青幼苗叶片35%遮阴处理光响应表现最佳。随着遮阴度的提高,光适应下的初始荧光(F_o)、最大荧光(F′_(m))、最大可变荧光(F′_(v))、PSⅡ光能转换效率(F′_(v)/F′_(m))、稳态荧光(F_(S))和光化学淬灭系数(q_(P))呈逐渐变大趋势;北美冬青幼苗叶片的非光化学淬灭系数(Q_(NP))随遮阴度提高而降低,叶片在受到强光胁迫时通过耗散热能来缓解光合损伤,具有较高的光保护能力。北美冬青幼苗叶片气孔张开度随光强的提高而变大,但过强的光照会抑制气孔张开。净光合速率随气孔的大小及张开度而变化,气孔张开度最大时,净光合速率最大。To study the photosynthetic physiological characteristics and ultrastructure of Ilex verticillata seedlings under different shading conditions,aiming to reveal their adaptation to light demand,growth characteristics in the Northeast region and photosynthetic and ultrastructure relationship,and provide a basis for the introduction,cultivation and management of Ilex verticillata seedlings.The photosynthetic target and chlorophyll fluorescence of 3-year-old Ilex verticillata seedlings were measured under four shading conditions:full light(L_(0)),35% shading(L_(35)),55% shading(L_(55)),and 75% shading(L_(75)) using Li-6800 photosynthetic apparatus.The leaf ultra-structure of Ilex verticillata was observed by using scanning electron microscopy.The daily variation curve of net photosynthetic rate in the four treatment groups in July showed a single peak;The light response curve of Ilex verticillata seedlings showed the best performance in the 35% shading.As the degree of shading increases,F_(o),F′_(m),F′_(v),F′_(v)/F′_(m),F_(S),and q_(P) under light adaptation gradually increase;The Q_(NP) of Ilex verticillata seedlings decreases with increasing shading,and the leaves of Ilex verticillata alleviate photosynthetic damage by consuming heat dissipation energy under strong light stress,exhibiting high light protection ability.The stomatal opening of leaves in Ilex verticillata seedlings increases with increasing light intensity,but excessive light can inhibit stomatal opening.When the net photosynthetic rate is at its maximum,the stomatal opening degree is at its maximum,and the size and opening degree of stomata will change with the change of net photosynthetic rate.

关 键 词：北美冬青 遮阴 光合特性 超微结构 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学] Q948[生物学—植物学]