虚构与真实——新历史主义视角下《环球航海记》的叙事分析  

Fiction and Factuality:A Narrative Study of Anson’s A Voyage Round the World in the Years 1740-1744 from the Perspective of New Historicism

作　　者：付磊[1] FU Lei(School of Foreign Languages,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学外国语学院,江西南昌330063

出　　处：《苏州教育学院学报》2024年第6期68-74,共7页Journal of Suzhou College of Education

基　　金：江西省社会科学“十三五”规划项目“空间视阈下非裔女性小说研究”(19WX11)。

摘　　要：《环球航海记》讲述了奥地利王位继承战争期间,英国海军军官乔治•安森率舰队袭击西班牙的美洲殖民地,远征太平洋后抵达中国广州,在截获马尼拉大帆船后返航英国,从而成就了英国皇家海军史上伟大的环球航行。书中对西班牙殖民者、清政府等客体的描述构筑了一段“以英国为中心”的历史—西班牙代表的传统帝国已日薄西山,东方的清帝国亦腐朽堕落,而英国则是新兴力量的代表。依据新历史主义的观点,《环球航海记》体现了历史的文本性和文本的历史性,作者在历史事件的叙事中,将虚构故事和事实融合于历史文本之中,在讽刺贬低他国和褒奖宣传英国的多重话语中展现了作者为英国扩张摇旗呐喊,号召英国在亚太地区实施新的扩张策略,以实现英国称霸全球的野心。A Voyage Round the World in the Years 1740-1744 complied by Richard Walter gives an account of Royal Navy officer George Anson who attacked Spanish American colonies during the War of the Austrian Succession,explored the Pacific Ocean and then intruded into Guangzhou.After being refreshed in China,Anson intercepted the Manila galleon and sailed back to England,thus accomplished the global navigation in Royal Navy history.The author’s description of the Spanish colonists,the Qing government,and the other objects in the book constructs a Britain-centered history:the traditional empire represented by Spain was on the wane,and the Qing Empire in the East also began to crumble,but Britain was at the summit of its power.From the perspective of new historicism,A Voyage Round the World in the Years 1740-1744 embodies textuality of history and historicity of text.In the narration of historic events,the author integrates fiction and facts into the text.In the discourse of satirizing the other countries while praising Britain,the book demonstrates the author's advocacy for British expansion,calling on Britain to implement new expansion strategies in the Asia-Pacific region to achieve Britain’s global hegemony ambition.

关 键 词：海外扩张 安森 《环球航海记》 新历史主义 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]