饲粮钙水平对生长奶水牛生长性能和钙消化代谢的影响  

Effects of Dietary Calcium Level on Growth Performance and Calcium Digestion Metabolism of Growing Dairy Buffaloes

作　　者：陈月丽[1,2] 黄晓华 覃呈欢 邹彩霞 夏中生[1] CHEN Yueli;HUANG Xiaohua;QIN Chenghuan;ZOU Caixia;XIA Zhongsheng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530005,China;Jiangsu Guiliu Animal Husbandry Group Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou 221600,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科技学院,南宁530005 [2]江苏桂柳牧业集团有限公司,徐州221600

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第12期7809-7818,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068099-5);广西自然科学基金(2021GXNSFAA196034)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮钙水平对生长奶水牛生长性能和钙消化代谢的影响。选择32头体重相近、健康的11月龄生长奶水牛,随机分成4组(每组8头),分别饲喂钙水平为0.49%、0.54%、0.59%、0.64%的试验饲粮,试验饲粮其他营养水平保持一致。饲养试验共52 d,包括预试期10 d和正试期42 d,在正试期结束前5天每组随机抽取3头牛进行为期5 d的消化代谢试验。结果显示:1)饲粮钙水平显著影响生长奶水牛的干物质采食量(P<0.05),但未显著影响生长奶水牛的平均日增重和料重比(P>0.05),其中0.59%钙水平组平均日增重和干物质采食量最高。2)饲粮钙水平对生长奶水牛干物质和粗蛋白质的表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05),但是显著影响了钙、磷的表观消化率(P<0.05),且以0.54%钙水平组钙、磷的表观消化率最高。3)饲粮钙水平显著影响了生长奶水牛的食入钙、粪排泄钙、尿排泄钙、总排泄钙以及粪排泄钙占总排泄钙的比例、尿排泄钙占食入钙的比例和尿排泄钙占总排泄钙的比例(P<0.05),对粪排泄钙占食入钙的比例无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)生长奶水牛食入钙(x)与排泄钙(y)的线性回归方程为y=0.0058 x+0.1766(R^(2)=0.9622),通过方程得出钙的维持需要量为1.7537 g/(kg W^(0.75)·d)。本试验条件下,结合生长奶水牛生长性能和钙消化代谢结果,生长奶水牛饲粮适宜钙水平为0.54%~0.59%。This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary calcium level on the growth performance and calcium digestion metabolism of growing dairy buffaloes.Thirty-two healthy,similar-weighted buffaloes aged 11 months were randomly divided into four groups,each consisting of 8 animals.They were fed experimental diets with calcium levels of 0.49%,0.54%,0.59%and 0.64%,respectively,while other nutrient levels in the diets remained consistent.The feeding trial lasted for 52 days,including a 10-day pre-test period and a 42-day formal test period.During the last 5 days of the formal test period,three buffaloes from each group were randomly selected for a 5-day digestion and metabolism trial.The results showed as follows:1)dietary calcium level significantly affected the dry matter intake of growing dairy buffaloes(P<0.05),but did not significantly affect the average daily gain and feed/gain ratio(P>0.05).Among these,the group with a calcium level of 0.59%exhibited the highest average daily gain and dry matter intake.2)Dietary calcium level did not significantly affect the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein of growing dairy buffaloes(P>0.05).However,dietary calcium level had significant effects on the apparent digestibility of calcium and phosphorus(P<0.05),with the 0.54%calcium level group showing the highest apparent digestibility of calcium and phosphorus.3)Dietary calcium level had significant effects on the calcium intake,fecal calcium excretion,urine calcium excretion,total calcium excretion and the ratios of fecal calcium excretion to total calcium excretion,urine calcium excretion to calcium intake,urine calcium excretion to total calcium excretion of growing dairy buffaloes(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the ratio of fecal calcium excretion to calcium intake(P>0.05).The linear regression equation of dietary calcium level(x)and calcium excretion(y)of growing dairy buffaloes was y=0.0058 x+0.1766(R^(2)=0.9622),and the calcium maintenance requirement for growing dairy b

关 键 词：钙 生长奶水牛 生长性能 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]