基于转录组与代谢组解析禁食影响蛋鸡能量代谢的机制  

Mechanism Analysis of Fasting Affecting Energy Metabolism of Laying Hens Based on Transcriptome and Metabolome

作　　者：朱海燕 彭剑玲 卢新民 蔡志欢 李强 张菁怡 魏庆[1] 梁海平[1] 阮记明[1] 黄建珍[1] ZHU Haiyan;PENG Jianling;LU Xinmin;CAI Zhihuan;LI Qiang;ZHANG Jingyi;WEI Qing;LIANG Haiping;RUAN Jiming;HUANG Jianzhen(College of Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Ganzhou Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学动物科学技术学院,南昌330045 [2]赣州市农业农村局,赣州341000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第12期8025-8040,共16页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32360867,31960690)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究禁食过程中蛋鸡能量代谢变化的分子机制。试验选用90羽265日龄海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为对照组(C组)、禁食1 d组(Y组)、禁食3 d组(S组),每组30羽。试验结束后采集血样并屠宰解剖采集肝脏样品,进行肝脏转录组、血清代谢组分析。肝脏转录组分析结果显示,3组共鉴定到1534个差异表达基因(DEGs),主要富集在脂代谢、氨基酸代谢、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)信号通路等相关信号通路,其中脂类合成相关基因硬脂酰辅酶A脱氢酶(SCD)、苹果酸酶1(ME1)、血管生成素样蛋白4(ANGPTL4)的表达显著下调,脂肪动员相关基因乙酰辅酶A酰基转移酶1(ACAA1)、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、围脂滴蛋白1(PLIN1)和脂肪酸降解相关基因长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶(ACSL)、羟酰基辅酶A脱氢酶α亚基(HADHA)、羟酰基辅酶A脱氢酶β亚基(HADHB)、烯酰辅酶Aδ异构酶2(ECI2)的表达显著上调。血清代谢组分析结果显示,3组共鉴定到100个差异表达代谢物(DEMs),其中1-甲基组氨酸、D-丝氨酸、肌酸、β-羟基丁酸等代谢物水平在禁食后上升,提示蛋白质分解代谢和糖异生作用增强,酮体生成增加;而没食子酸、核黄素等代谢物水平在禁食后下降,则提示机体能量代谢紊乱。转录组与代谢组联合分析结果显示,甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢信号通路可能通过增强蛋白质的分解代谢参与维持机体的能量稳态。上述结果表明:蛋鸡禁食后,机体能量代谢紊乱,肝脏氨基酸代谢等信号通路加强以促进糖异生作用,PPAR信号通路加强以抑制脂类合成、促进脂肪动员,脂肪酸降解信号通路加强以促进脂肪酸β-氧化,进而促进酮体生成,最终维持机体能量稳态。This experiment aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying changes of energy metabolism in laying hens during fasting.Ninety Hy-Line brown laying hens at 265 days of age were randomly divided into three groups:control group(C group),1-day fasting group(Y group),and 3-day fasting group(S group).Blood samples were collected and liver tissues were harvested for analysis on the fourth day after the experiment commenced.Liver transcriptome analysis and serum metabolome analysis were conducted.The liver transcriptome analysis results showed that,a total of 1534 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)across the three groups were identified,which were mainly enriched in related signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism,amino acid metabolism and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)signaling pathways.Notably,the expression of genes associated with lipid synthesis,such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD),malic enzyme 1(ME1),and angiopoietin-like protein 4(ANGPTL4),were significantly downregulated.In contrast,genes related to lipid mobilization,including acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1(ACAA1),lipoprotein lipase(LPL),perilipin 1(PLIN1),and genes involved in fatty acid degradation like long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase(ACSL),hydroxylacyl-CoA dehydrogenase alpha subunit(HADHA),hydroxylacyl-CoA dehydrogenase beta subunit(HADHB),and enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 2(ECI2),were significantly upregulated.The serum metabolome analysis results showed that,a total of 100 differentially expressed metabolites(DEMs)across the three groups were identified.The levels of metabolites such as 1-methylhistidine,D-serine,creatine,and beta-hydroxybutyrate increased after fasting,indicating enhanced protein catabolism and gluconeogenesis as well as increased ketogenesis.Conversely,the levels of metabolites such as gallic acid and riboflavin decreased after fasting,suggesting a disruption in energy metabolism.Integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome indicated that glycine,serine and threonine metabolism signaling pathway may

关 键 词：蛋鸡 能量代谢 肝脏 转录组 代谢组 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]