胸部PA位数字X射线摄影受检者入射体表空气比释动能及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the entrance surface air kerma and influencing factors for subjects undergoing posteroanterior(PA)chest digital radiography

作　　者：沈水珍[1] 张磊[2] 王强[2] 周宏杰 赵徵鑫 杨勇[2] 景丽艳 杨陆婷 SHEN Shuizhen;ZHANG Lei;WANG Qiang;ZHOU Hongjie;ZHAO Zhixin;YANG Yong;JING Liyan;YANG Luting(Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310016;Department of Radiological Health,Hangzhou Hospital for Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease,Hangzhou 310014)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院,杭州310016 [2]杭州市职业病防治院放射卫生科,杭州310014

出　　处：《辐射防护》2024年第6期705-710,共6页Radiation Protection

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2022KY1043)。

摘　　要：分析受检者接受胸部后前位(PA位)数字X射线摄影(DR)的入射体表空气比释动能(K_(a,e))及其影响因素,探讨合理的控制措施。选择杭州市有代表性的19家监测点医疗机构的22台DR机,利用热释光探测器测量1055例接受胸部PA位DR摄影受检者的K_(a,e);采用秩和检验方法分析不同年龄组受检者K_(a,e)的差异;采用Kruskal-Wallis检验方法分析不同等级医疗机构和不同厂商设备的K_(a,e)差异。结果显示,三级医院同年龄组摄影所致受检者的K_(a,e)低于其他级别医疗机构(H=93.280,P<0.05);进口DR机摄影所致受检者的K_(a,e)明显低于国产DR机(H=145.373,P<0.05);不同年龄组受检者K_(a,e)存在差异(H=68.667,P<0.05);本地胸部PA位DR摄影所致2~≤5岁、>5~≤10岁、>10~≤15岁、>15岁(成人)4个年龄组受检者诊断参考水平DRL分别为140.74μGy、148.52μGy、169.52μGy、216.89μGy,有必要建立不同年龄段受检者的DRL;杭州市胸部PA位DR摄影所致成人受检者DRL虽然已低于国家标准的推荐值,但仍有进一步下降的空间。To analyze the Entrance surface air kerma(K_(a,e))and its influencing factors for subjects undergoing posteroanterior(PA)chest digital radiography(DR),and to explore reasonable control measures,22 DR machines from 19 representative monitoring points in medical institutions in Hangzhou were selected as the research cohort.The K_(a,e)of 1055 patients undergoing chest DR(PA position)was measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters.The rank sum test method was used to analyze the differences in K_(a,e)among subjects of different age groups.The Kruskal-Wallis test method was used to analyze the differences in K_(a,e)between medical institutions of different levels and equipment from different manufacturers.The results showed that the K_(a,e)of subjects in the same age group who underwent photography in top tier hospitals were lower than those in other medical institutions(H=93.280,P<0.05);The K_(a,e)of subjects detected by imported DR machines was significantly lower than that of domestic DR machines(H=145.373,P<0.05);There were differences in K_(a,e)among subjects of different age groups(H=68.667,P<0.05);The DRL for subjects in Hangzhou undergoing chest DR for the age groups 2-5,6-10,11-15,and over 15 years was 140.74μGy,148.52μGy,169.52μGy,216.89μGy,respectively,and it is necessary to establish DRL for subjects of different age groups.Although the DRL of adult subjects undergoing chest DR(PA position)in Hangzhou is lower than the recommended value of the national standard,there is still room for further improvement.

关 键 词：数字X射线摄影 受检者 入射体表空气比释动能 诊断参考水平 

分 类 号：TL72[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]