高校教育惩戒关系的内部化倾向及其矫正  

The Internalization Trend of Disciplinary Relationships in Higher Education and Its Correction

作　　者：伏创宇 Fu Chuangyu

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学法学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2024年第9期26-42,140,141,共19页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：中国社会科学院大学校级科研专项“建设教育强国目标下教育法法典化的路径”(校20240154)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在实践中,我国高校教育惩戒关系呈现内部与外部关系的二元划分。这主要体现在以属于自主办学范畴为由,将部分高校教育惩戒归入内部管理行为,并降低对高校教育惩戒的司法审查强度。在现行法框架下,此种二元划分难以站住脚,存在法律标准适用困难、法律基础匮乏与法律救济不足三方面的局限。高校教育惩戒关系的内部化倾向不但应当予以矫正,而且在现行立法层面具有充分的解释空间。当然也有必要通过司法解释、指导案例或者在未来的教育法典中,明确记过、留级、转专业处理决定等高校教育惩戒的行政行为属性,区分纪律性惩戒与学业性惩戒,并适用不同的法律原则与司法审查方式。In practice,the relationship between disciplinary measures in Chinese higher education exhibits a dual division of internal and external relations.This is mainly manifested by categorizing some disciplinary measures in higher education as internal management actions based on the autonomy of running schools,and reducing the intensity of judicial review of disciplinary measures in higher education.Under the current legal framework,this dual division is difficult to sustain,as there are limitations in terms of difficulties in applying legal standards,lack of legal foundations,and insufficient legal remedies.The internalization trend of the relationship between disciplinary measures in higher education should not only be corrected but also has ample interpretive space at the current legislative level.It is also necessary to clarify the administrative attributes of disciplinary actions such as demerits,grade repetition,and handling applications for transferring majors in higher education through judicial interpretations,guidance cases,or future education codes,and distinguish between disciplinary measures and academic measures,and apply different legal principles and judicial review methods.

关 键 词：高校教育惩戒 纪律处分 行政行为 自主办学 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]