无目的的渴望小说:艾略特的《米德尔马契》与斯宾诺莎的伦理学  

A Novel of Yearning without Telos:Eliot's Middlemarch and Spinoza's Ethica

作　　者：毛竹[1,2] Mao Zhu

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学哲学院 [2]中国社会科学院哲学研究所

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2024年第9期43-61,141,共20页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“《斯宾诺莎全集》翻译与研究”(19ZDA031);国家社会科学基金青年项目“斯宾诺莎《梵蒂冈抄本》编译研究”(19CZX044)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：斯宾诺莎的名字极少出现在对乔治·艾略特的研究中,极少有研究者阅读过出自她之手的斯宾诺莎著作的英译本。此外,道德主义是艾略特研究中挥之不去的主题,人们很难将之与“邪恶”的斯宾诺莎主义联系起来。笔者认为,艾略特的《米德尔马契》堪称典型的斯宾诺莎主义小说,其中的人物形象既充满斯宾诺莎式的渴望,也消除了古典哲学善恶二分的目的论色彩。本文试图分析斯宾诺莎对艾略特的影响,结合既有的研究文献,还原《米德尔马契》中的斯宾诺莎因素。The name of Spinoza scarcely appears in George Eliot's studies and very few researchers have read her English translation of Spinoza'sEthica.Moreover,moralism is an enduring theme in Eliot studies,making it difficult to associate it with the“evil”Spinozism.The author of this paper believes that Eliot's Middlemarchcan be considered a typical novel of Spinozism,in which the characters are full of Spinoza's conatus,while eliminating the purposive classification of philosophical dichotomy between good and evil.This paper attempts to analyze Spinoza's influence on George Eliot,and in light of the research literature,to construct,as far as possible,the Spinoza factor in Eliot's most autobiographical representative work,Middlemarch.

关 键 词：乔治·艾略特 斯宾诺莎 自我 渴望 充分知识 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]