米老排与红锥的不同种植模式对林下凋落物和土壤水源涵养能力的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Models of Mytilaria Laosensis and Castanopsis Hystrix on Water Conservation Capacity of Litter and Soil Under Forest

作　　者：梁育兴 袁在翔 王凯 李荣生[2] 张少杰 张鹏鹏 陈勇 孙煜杰 Liang Yuxing;Yuan Zaixiang;Wang Kai;Li Rongsheng;Zhang Shaojie;Zhang Pengpeng;Chen Yong;Sun Yujie(Deqing Forest Farm of Guangdong,Zhaoqing,Guangdong 526600,China;Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510520,China;Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510405,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省德庆林场,广东肇庆526600 [2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520 [3]广州市林业和园林科学研究院,广东广州510405

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2024年第6期57-67,128,共12页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：广东省林学会科技计划项目“西江流域水源涵养林模式构建与筛选”(2021-GDFS-KJ-05);广州市科技局社会发展项目“广州市生态园林科技协同创新中心”(202206010058)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究米老排与红锥混交组合模式的水源涵养能力特征,筛选出水源涵养能力最佳的混交组合模式,为西江流域水源涵养林的构建与经营管理提供科学依据。[方法]通过3种混交比例(1∶3,2∶2,3∶1)和3种混交方式(株间混交、行带混交、块状混交)设置了9种米老排与红锥的混交林组合模式,并以米老排、红锥纯林为对照,对比分析了11种种植模式凋落物层、土壤层的水源涵养能力差异,利用熵权TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)模型筛选出最佳水源涵养能力的混交组合模式。[结果]①试验林凋落物层生物量、自然持水量、有效拦蓄量和最大持水量分别为1.17~4.21,0.38~2.29,5.15~10.58,6.40~13.37 t/hm2,均与试验林中米老排比例显著正相关(p<0.05);相比于株间混交、块状混交,行带混交的凋落物层生物量与有效拦蓄量较高。②试验林0—30 cm土层的自然持水量、毛管持水量、非毛管持水量、饱和蓄水量的变化范围分别为756.14~1007.21,1130.73~1388.40,117.96~422.63,1444.70~1590.66 t/hm2;其中,毛管持水量、非毛管持水量在不同林分之间差异显著,且均与试验林中米老排比例存在显著的线性回归关系(p<0.05)。③米老排与红锥以3∶1混交比例进行行带混交的林分水源涵养能力最好,米老排纯林次之,其后是其余混交林,最后是红锥纯林。[结论]在幼龄林阶段,米老排与红锥混交林的水源涵养能力在一定程度上好于各自的纯林,且这种混交效应受混交比例与混交方式的影响。[Objective]The characteristics of water conservation capacity of the mixed combination models of Mytilaria laosensis and Castanopsis hystrix were explored,and the best mixed combination mode of water conservation capacity was selected,in order to provided a scientific basis for the construction,operation and management of water conservation forest in Xijiang River basin.[Methods]Nine mixed plantation patterns with three mixing proportions(i.e.,1∶3,2∶2,and 3∶1)and three mixing modes(i.e.,interplant mixing,strip and row mixing,and block mixing)of M.laosensis and C.hystrix were selected,and the pure plantations of both species served as controls.The differences in the water conservation capacity of litter and soil among the eleven planting models were evaluated,and the mixed plantation with the optimal water conservation capacity was identified using an entropy weight TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)model.[Results]①The biomass,natural water storage,effective water interception,and maximum water interception in the litter layer ranged from 1.17 to 4.21,0.38 to 2.29,5.15 to 10.58,and 6.40 to 13.37 t/hm 2,respectively.These indices were positively and significantly correlated with the percentage of M.laosensis in the plantations(p<0.05).Compared to interplant mixing and block mixing,the strip and row mixing of the plantations yielded higher biomass and effective water interception in the litter layer.②The natural moisture storage,capillary water storage,non-capillary water storage,and saturated water storage in soil at a depth of 0—30 cm ranged from 756.14 to 1007.21,1130.73 to 1388.40,117.96 to 422.63,and 1444.70 to 1590.66 t/hm 2,respectively.Capillary and non-capillary water storage differed significantly among the plantations and were positively correlated with the percentage of M.laosensis in the plantations(p<0.05).③The mixed plantation of M.laosensis and C.hystrix with a ratio of 3∶1 and strip and row mixing exhibited the optimal water conservation capacit

关 键 词：水源涵养 种植模式 凋落物 土壤 熵权TOPSIS模型 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学] S715.3