不同因素对石拱桥基础局部冲刷影响的试验分析  

Experimental analysis of the Influence of different factors on local erosion of stone arch bridge foundation

作　　者：王国翎 胡扬阳 孙明 Wang Guoling;Hu Yangyang;Sun Ming(School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Yongzhou Hunan 425199,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技学院土木与环境工程学院,湖南永州425199

出　　处：《山西建筑》2025年第3期125-129,198,共6页Shanxi Architecture

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金区域联合基金:永州地区古石拱桥洪水冲刷损毁机制及预防性保护技术研究(项目编号:2024JJ7194);湖南省大学生创新创业训练项目:八百年石拱桥局部冲刷防护研究——以步瀛桥为例(湘教通[2022]74号-4236);湖南科技学院科研项目:宋代石拱桥局部冲刷防护研究(湘科院校发[2022]108号-30)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同因素对古代石拱桥——步瀛桥基础局部冲刷的影响,对桥梁所在河流的水文条件进行了分析,从布置不同形状的墩前牺牲桩进行了论述,提出了三角形、矩形、圆形牺牲桩与步瀛桥基础加固前后桥墩周围冲刷坑变化情况的对照试验方法,在洪水条件下进行了布置三角形墩前牺牲桩不同间距的冲刷试验研究,结果表明在步瀛桥模型的上游放置试样牺牲桩,用于改变流场,降低水流对桥墩的侵蚀力,达到了降低桥墩基础局部冲刷的效果,有效降低了冲刷坑的深度,减少了冲刷深度达到平衡条件所需的时间,解决了洪水冲刷对古桥的主要威胁。For the purpose of studying the influence of various factors on the local erosion of the foundation of the ancient stone arch bridge-the Buying Bridge-the hydrological conditions of the river where the bridge is located were examined.Different forms of sacrificial piles in front of the bridge piers were laid out,and a comparative test method was proposed for the changes in erosion pits around the piers before and after the reinforcement of the foundation of the said bridge,including triangular,rectangular,and circular sacrificial piles.Under flood conditions,erosion tests were conducted with non-identical spacing of sacrificial piles in front of the triangular bridge piers.These sacrificial piles were placed upstream of the Buying Bridge model to attain the following objectives:change the flow field,reduce the erosion force of water on the bridge piers,and achieve the effect of decreasing local erosion of the bridge pier foundation.Consequently,the depth of the erosion pits was effectively cut down,similar to the time required for the erosion depth to reach equilibrium conditions,resolving the threat of flood erosion to the ancient bridge.

关 键 词：局部冲刷 牺牲桩 桥墩基础 冲刷深度 

分 类 号：TU997[建筑科学—市政工程] U442.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]