草海湖滨带沉积物中蓝藻群落结构特征  

Characteristics of cyanophyte communities in sediments from Caohai lakeside *

作　　者：郭金 蒋娟 龙云川[1,2] 万合锋 李亚龙 GUO Jin;JIANG Juan;LONG Yunchuan;WAN Hefeng;LI Yalong(Guizhou Institute of Biology,Guizhou Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550009,China;Caohai Ecological Research Station,Guizhou Academy of Sciences,Weining 553100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州科学院贵州省生物研究所,贵州贵阳550009 [2]贵州科学院草海生态站,贵州威宁553100

出　　处：《贵州科学》2024年第6期5-9,共5页Guizhou Science

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目:黔科合基础ZK〔2023〕一般233,黔科合支撑〔2022〕一般213;贵州科学院项目:黔科院R字〔2023〕02号。

摘　　要：为监测贵州草海蓝藻的生物多样性与群落结构,采集草海湖滨带的表层沉积物样品18份,利用eDNA宏条形码技术,分析蓝藻的生物多样性、群落组成及不同区域差异性。结果表明,原核生物共隶属于59门、665科、1280属,在门分类阶元上以变形菌门占主导地位,蓝藻门在原核生物群落的丰度占比为0.05%~6.97%,平均丰度为0.68%。蓝藻群落Chao1指数平均值为14.27;在科分类阶元上以席藻、Cyanobiaceae、颤藻、Nodosilineaceae、念珠藻、细鞘丝藻、微囊藻、伪鱼腥藻、束鞘丝藻及蓝菌科组成;在属分类阶元上以双色藻属(Cyanobium)、浮丝藻(Planktothrix)、颤藻属(Oscillatoria)占优势。蓝藻群落在人类活动高干扰区与低干扰区域间的组成较为相似,但也有一定的差异性;近威宁县城的高干扰区易富集细鞘丝藻;远离县城的低干扰区易富集微囊藻、集胞藻。研究显示,高干扰区的蓝藻群落多样性及丰富度较高;低干扰区蓝藻群落多样性及丰富度较低,但有更高的水华及藻毒素风险。To monitor the biodiversity and community structure of cyanophyte in Caohai Lake,18 surface sediment samples were collected from the lakeside zone of Caohai,and the biodiversity,community composition and regional differences of cyanophyte were analyzed by using eDNA macrobarcode technology.The results showed that the prokaryotes from Caohai belonged to 59 phyla,665 families and 1280 genera,and were dominated by the phylum of Proteobacteria.The abundance of cyanophyte in the prokaryotic community ranged from 0.05%to 6.97%,with an average abundance of 0.68%.The average Chao1 index of cyanophyte communities was 14.27.At the family level,the cyanophyte communities were composed of Phormidiaceae,Cyanobiaceae,Oscillatoriaceae,Nodosilineaceae,Nostocaceae,Leptolyngbyaceae,Microcystaceae,Pseudanabaenaceae,Pseudanabaenaceae,and Cyanobacteriaceae.At the genus level,Cyanobium,Planktothrix and Oscillatoria were dominant.The composition of cyanophyte communities was similar between the high disturbance area and the low disturbance area,but there were some differences.Leptolyngbyaceae concentrated in the high disturbance area near Weining County,while Microcystaceae and Synechocystis concentrated in the low disturbance area far away from the county.The results showed that the diversity and richness of cyanophyte communities in high disturbance area were higher;the diversity and richness in low disturbance area were lower,but the risk of bloom and microsystin was higher.

关 键 词：高原湖泊 蓝藻群落 沉积物 环境DNA 微囊藻毒素 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X705