直列装药浅层水中爆炸冲击波荷载分布  

The distribution of shock wave load from a shallow underwater explosion with inline charge

作　　者：张磊 谢兴博 钟明寿 马华原 杨贵丽 ZHANG Lei;XIE Xingbo;ZHONG Mingshou;MA Huayuan;YANG Guili(Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing 210007,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学,南京210014

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2024年第12期149-160,共12页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12072372);国家自然科学基金项目(52108483);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20200585)。

摘　　要：针对浅水港口使用直列装药打捞沉船及集装箱问题,采用LS-DYNA软件建立直列装药水下爆炸模型,开展了直列装药水下爆炸压力场分布特征研究,获取了沉深、装药直径对压力场的影响规律以及直列与集团装药径向压力场的差异。研究结果表明:直列装药与常见柱形装药压力场不同,径向压力最高、装药末端次之,起爆端最低;冲击波在传播过程中由水滴型向椭球形转变同时径向高压区会向装药末端移动;3 kg装药在沉深0.425~4.525 m范围内可认为深水爆炸,当装药距水底或水面距离小于42.5 cm时,装药径向压力在30倍装药半径以外时冲击波会受到削波作用,且削波的范围随着距离的增加而扩大。当装药长径比高于30时径向压力出现“直线区”,增大装药直径会线性降低“直线区”长度。3 kg装药相同距离处直列装药压力均高于集团装药17%以上,且两者压力差值与药量、距离均有关。Aiming at the problem of using in-line charge to salvage sunken ships and containers in shallow water ports,this paper uses LS-DYNA software to establish an explosion model under in-line charge,carries out a study on the distribution characteristics of explosion pressure field under in-line charge,and obtains the influence law of sedimentation depth and charge diameter on pressure field,as well as the difference between in-line charge and group charge radial pressure field.The results show that:the pressure field of straight-line charge is different from that of cylindrical charge,the radial pressure is the highest,the end of charge is the second,and the initiation end is the lowest;The shock wave changes from droplet shape to ellipsoid shape while the radial high pressure region moves towards the end of charge;The 3 kg charge can be considered as deep water explosion in the sinking depth range of 0.425 m to 4.525 m.When the distance between the charge and the bottom or water surface is less than 42.5 cm,the shock wave will be clipped when the radial pressure of the charge is beyond 30 times the charge radius,and the clipping range will expand with the increase of the distance.When the charge length-diameter ratio is higher than 30,the radial pressure appears a“linear zone”,and increasing the charge diameter will linearly reduce the length of the“linear zone”.The in-line charge pressure at the same distance of 3 kg charge is 17%higher than that of the group charge,and the difference of pressure is related to the amount and distance of the charge.

关 键 词：直列装药 水下爆炸 自由面影响 直线区压力 径向轴向压力 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]