从“洛比托走廊”管窥美国在非洲的基建援助竞争  

The“Lobito Corridor”Provides a Glimpse into US Competition through Infrastructure Aid in Africa

作　　者：肖玙 Xiao Yu(the Research Center for China’s Peripheral Strategies,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学中国周边战略研究中心

出　　处：《和平与发展》2024年第6期52-77,180,181,共28页Peace and Development

摘　　要：在美国全面加强对华战略竞争背景下,基础设施建设援助成为美国在“全球南方”部署对华战略竞争的关键抓手。鉴于非洲在全球基建需求方面的显著地位以及在“全球南方”发展治理、关键矿产供应和地区秩序转型中的重要性,分析美国在该地区的基建援助布局有助于揭示其在“全球南方”的对华战略竞争构想。“洛比托走廊”作为拜登政府提出的“全球基础设施建设伙伴关系倡议”的首批旗舰项目,对美国在非洲甚至“全球南方”的基建援助竞争布局具有示范意义。本文试图通过对“洛比托走廊”进行深入解读,分析美国在非洲基建援助竞争布局的图谋和特点,进而揭示其对中非合作产生的影响。面对美国在非洲的基建援助竞争,中国既要保持自信,扎实推进中非合作,又要审时度势、顺势而为,在竞争中发掘共赢空间。In the context of major-country competition between China and the US,Infrastructure construction assistance has become a key lever for the US to deploy strategic competition with China in the Global South.In view of Africa’s prominent position in the global infrastructure demand,its importance in the development governance of the Global South,the supply of key minerals,and the transformation of regional order,analyzing the deployment of US infrastructure aid in the region can help reveal its conception of strategic competition with China in the Global South.The“Lobito Corridor”,as the fi rst batch of fl agship projects of the“Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment”(PGII)proposed by the Biden administration,has a demonstration signifi cance for the competition layout of US infrastructure assistance in Africa and even the Global South.This article attempts,through interpreting the“Lobito Corridor”in a profound way,to analyze the design and characteristics of the US’competition layout of infrastructure aid in Africa,and then reveal its impact on China-Africa cooperation.In the face of US competition in infrastructure assistance in Africa,China should not only maintain confi dence and steadily advance China-Africa cooperation,but also evaluate the situation,strengthen the“integration of construction and operation”paradigm,take advantage of the trend,and explore win-win space in the competition.

关 键 词：美国对非政策 洛比托走廊 基建援助 战略竞争 中非合作 全球南方 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]