蒙古语“qulang”一词考  

A Study on the Mongolian Word“Qulang”

作　　者：格根哈斯 Gegenhas(School of Mongolian Studies,Hohhot Minzu College,Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010051,China)

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特民族学院蒙古学学院,呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学（蒙文版）》2024年第5期34-39,共6页Social Sciences of Inner Mongolia:Mongolian Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“中华民族多元一体视域下《御制五体清文鉴》词汇研究”(编号:22XYY004)。

摘　　要：满蒙两种语言同属一个语系,在漫长的历史发展过程中,通过民族交往交流交融发生语言接触,产生了诸多相互借用的词语。满语的“hulan”(烟筒)与蒙古语书面语“qoulai”(喉、管、筒、管道、炕洞)以及突厥语族语言“hool”一词均有同源关系。在蒙古语中,“qoulai”一词最初的词义是“喉”,而“管、筒、管道、炕洞”等意思均为延伸出来的词义。满语“hulan”一词原来也表示“炕洞”,后来延伸出“烟筒”这一义项。在原来表示“炕洞”这一词义上,满语“hulan”和蒙古语“qoyulai”两个词是完全相互对应关系。后来,满语的“hulan”专指“烟筒”,并经过语言接触借入蒙古语,丰富了蒙古语词汇。Although both the Manchu and Mongolian languages belong to the same language family,they have undergone language contact through ethnic exchange,interaction and integration over a long historical development,resulting in numerous borrowed words.The Manchu word hulan for chimney has a cognate relationship with the Mongolian written word qoyulai which means throat,tube,cylinder,pipeline,fireplace tunnel as well as the word hool in the Turkic languages.In Mongolian,the original meaning of qoulai is throat,while meanings such as tube,cylinder,pipeline,fireplace tunnel are all extended meanings derived from it.The Manchu word hulan originally meant fireplace tunnel and later extended to include the meaning of chimney.In terms of their original meaning referring to fireplace tunnel,the Manchu hulan and the Mongolian qoyulai are in complete correspondence with each other.Subsequently,hulan in Manchu became specifically used to refer to chimneyand was borrowed into Mongolian through language contact,thereby enriching the Mongolian vocabulary.

关 键 词：蒙古语“qulang” 满语“hulan” 词源 

分 类 号：H22[语言文字—少数民族语言]