三阶梯俯卧位对低出生体重早产儿胃肠功能的影响  

Effect of three-step prone position on gastrointestinal function of premature infants with low birth weight

作　　者：曹秀娟[1] 洪婷[1] 应玲静 陈美仙 CAO Xiujuan;HONG Ting;YING Lingjing;CHEN Meixian(Department of Neonatology,Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321000,China)

机构地区：[1]金华市中心医院新生儿科,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《重庆医学》2024年第24期3756-3759,共4页Chongqing Medical Journal

基　　金：浙江省金华市科技局公益项目(2021-4-091)。

摘　　要：目的探讨低出生体重早产儿出生后予三阶梯俯卧位对其喂养状况、胃肠道功能及生长发育的相关影响。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月该院收治的82例低出生体重早产儿作为研究对象,根据住院期间喂养体位的不同分为观察组(三阶梯俯卧位,n=40)和对照组(常规仰卧位,n=42),比较两组喂养状况及住院时间、消化系统并发症及生长发育情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组第1次开始经口喂养时间[(11.63±7.18)d vs.(14.81±6.57)d]、先口服后鼻饲过渡到完全经口喂养时间[(6.65±2.31)d vs.(8.05±3.45)d]、完全经口肠内喂养时间[(21.68±9.50)d vs.(25.81±9.21)d]及住院时间[(28.68±10.86)d vs.(33.64±10.67)d]更短,胃食管反流(7.50%vs.26.19%)、胃潴留(10.00%vs.28.57%)、呕吐(5.00%vs.21.43%)、腹胀(5.00%vs.23.81%)发生率更低,恢复至出生体重时间[(7.08±1.33)d vs.(7.83±1.58)d]更短,体重日增长率[(16.45±2.03)g·kg-1·d-1 vs.(15.45±2.35)g·kg-1·d-1]及身高周增长率[(0.97±0.14)cm/周vs.(0.91±0.11)cm/周]更快,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论三阶梯俯卧位可改善早产儿喂养不耐受、缩短住院时间、促进生长发育。Objective To investigate the related effects of three-step prone position on feeding status,gastrointestinal function and growth and development of low birth weight preterm infants.Methods A total of 82 low-birth-weight preterm infants admitted and treated in this hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects.The patients were divided into the observation group(three-step prone position,n=40)and control group(conventional supine position,n=42)according to the feeding body position during hospitalization.The feeding status,length of hospital stay,gastrointestinal complications and growth and development were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the time of first time oral feeding beginning in the observation group[(11.63±7.18)d vs.(14.81±6.57)d],the time of oral feeding and then nasal feeding to complete oral feeding[(6.65±2.31)d vs.(8.05±3.45)d],total oral and enteral feeding time[(21.68±9.50)d vs.(25.81±9.21)d]and hospitalization time[(28.68±10.86)d vs.(33.64±10.67)d]all were shorter;the incidence rates of gastroesophageal reflux[(7.50%vs.26.19%),gastric retention(10.00%vs.28.57%),vomiting(5.00%vs.21.43%),abdominal distension(5.00%vs.23.81%)]in observation group were lower than those in the control group;the time of recovery to the birth weight was shorter[(7.08±1.33)d vs.(7.83±1.58)d],the daily growth rate of body weight and weekly growth rate of height were greater[(16.45±2.03)g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1) vs.(15.45±2.35)g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),(0.97±0.14)cm/w vs.(0.91±0.11)cm/w],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The three-step prone position could improve the feeding intolerance,shorten the hospitalization stay and promote the growth and development of premature infants.

关 键 词：三阶梯俯卧位 低出生体重 早产儿 胃肠功能 生长发育 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]