地理游戏、版图认知与近代的主权国家意识——一项关于领土观念的社会文化史考察  

Geographic Games,Cartographic Cognition,and Consciousness of Sovereign State in Modern Times:A Socio-Cultural Study on the History of Territorial Perceptions

作　　者：于京东[1,2] Yu Jingdong(the School of Government,Nanjing University;the Xueheng Institute for Advanced Studies,Nanjing University)

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院,南京210023 [2]南京大学学衡研究院,南京210023

出　　处：《世界经济与政治》2024年第12期24-59,154,155,共38页World Economics and Politics

摘　　要：在近代西欧,威斯特伐利亚体系下领土型国家的出现不仅伴随着新的空间意识、主权认知与国际关系格局,还重塑了人们的感知方式与生活体验。新型地缘政治观念与国家认同的传播不仅仅依托于文本,也离不开生动、直观、可视化的图像作品,因而在地理学发现、国土测量与新式地图集流行的同时,带有地图的游戏也成为一种寓教于乐的出版物,并因其趣味、通俗和廉价的特点而成为知识传播与政治地理启蒙的有效手段。地理游戏不仅将疆域版图、历史传统和国内外时事热点等纳入虚拟场景,其玩法规则也呼应现实中的外交博弈、国土整合与公共治理,更以一种微观、日常、自下而上的方式,在面向全民不断地普及国土知识的过程中,形成基于地缘共同体的叙事线索与框架图式,潜移默化地加深了对于领土和祖国的政治忠诚与情感依赖。从这个角度来看,游戏也反映了抽象的“主权国家”概念如何具象化和实现政治社会化的过程,据此可以探究那些在长时段和基础性层面形塑着个体与国家行为的文化语境和规范体系。In modern Western Europe,the emergence of territorial states under the Westphalian system was accompanied by new understandings of space,sovereignty,and international relations.This transformation reshaped how people perceived and experienced these concepts.The dissemination of new geopolitical thinking and national identities relied not only on texts but also on vivid,intuitive,and visualized images.Consequently,during the flourishing period of geographical discoveries,land surveys,and new atlases,games with maps became popular as tools for both education and entertainment.Due to their engaging,accessible,and inexpensive nature,these games served as an effective medium for knowledge dissemination and geopolitical enlightenment.Geographical games incorporated territorial boundaries,historical traditions,and domestic and international events into virtual scenarios,while simultaneously reflecting the rules of diplomacy,territorial integration,and public governance in reality.Moreover,through a microscopic,everyday,bottom-up approach,these games popularized knowledge of national spaces,forming narrative clues and frameworks based on geopolitical communities.In doing so,they subconsciously deepened political loyalty and emotional attachment to the territory and the motherland.From this perspective,such games illustrate how the abstract notion of the"sovereign state"was visualized and politically socialized.This allows for the exploration of the cultural contexts and normative systems that have shaped individual and state behaviors on a foundational and long-term level.

关 键 词：地图 游戏 领土 主权国家意识 集体记忆 

分 类 号：D80[政治法律—政治学]