欧美关系失衡加大与欧盟战略自主前景  

The Increasing Imbalance in US-Europe Relations and the Prospects for the EU's Strategic Autonomy

作　　者：张健[1] Zhang Jian

机构地区：[1]中国现代国际关系研究院

出　　处：《现代国际关系》2024年第12期19-38,144,共21页

摘　　要：2024年11月特朗普胜选再次强烈冲击欧盟,但与2016年特朗普首次胜选时不同的是,欧美关系中出现了令欧洲人不安的发展趋势,即欧美关系进一步失衡。欧盟无论在经济、金融,还是科技、军事等重要领域,与美国的差距都在拉大。与此同时,欧洲对美国的依赖也在增大,特别是乌克兰危机爆发以来,更是形成对美国安全、能源、市场以及资本和科技的全方位依赖。欧美关系失衡加大引发了欧洲的焦虑,包括对欧洲可能成为美国“附庸”的担心。特朗普第二任期内,欧洲可能更加迎合美国,更多屈从于美国的要求,但也可能在内外压力下加快推进战略自主进程。欧盟何去何从,将在很大程度上取决于特朗普第二任期内政策调整的方向和力度。Trump's victory in November 2024 once again had a strong impact on the European Union.However,unlike when Trump won the election for the first time in 2016,there have been some disturbing development trends in US-Europe relations.The imbalance in relations between the US and Europe has become even more pronounced.Whether in important fields such as the economy,finance,science and technology,or the military,the gap between the European Union and the United States is widening.Meanwhile,Europe's dependence on the United States is also increasing.Especially since the outbreak of the Ukraine crisis,it has formed an all-round dependence on the United States in terms of security,energy,markets,as well as capital and technology.The increasing imbalance in US-Europe relations has triggered anxiety in Europe,including concerns that Europe might become a"vassal"of the United States.During Trump's second term,Europe may be more inclined to cater to the United States and submit to its demands more often.However,under internal and external pressures,it may also accelerate the process of promoting strategic autonomy.Where the European Union will go will largely depend on the direction and intensity of policy adjustments during Trump's second term.

关 键 词：欧美关系 欧盟 战略自主 大国关系 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系] D871.2[政治法律—政治学]