中国城市家庭的住房阶层时空演变及其影响因素  

Spatio-temporal Evolution and Influential Factors of Housing Class of Chinese Urban Households

作　　者：王琢 何金婷 龚岳 WANG Zhuo;HE Jinting;GONG Yue(School of Urban Planning and Design,Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;School of Urban Design,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China;Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences,Macao Polytechnic University,Macao 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院,广东深圳518055 [2]武汉大学城市设计学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]澳门理工大学人文社科学院,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《经济地理》2024年第11期52-61,共10页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42471275);教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(24YJAZH031)。

摘　　要：住房是家庭资产的重要组成部分,也是表征社会群体分化的重要因素。文章基于中国家庭追踪调查2010—2018年的数据,对中国城市家庭的住房阶层时空演变进行分析,并利用面板多元Logit回归探讨了家庭住房阶层的影响因素。结果表明:(1)中国城市家庭住房阶层整体呈现一房阶层占主体、无房和多房阶层占比较小的“橄榄形”结构,且多房阶层家庭的比例呈明显增长趋势。(2)地理上无房和一房阶层未见明显空间集聚,多房阶层呈现极化格局,并随时间变化从京津冀向长江流域转移。(3)家庭生命周期理论中的家庭规模、家庭年收入、婚姻和年龄是家庭住房阶层实现跃迁的正向因素;通过将制度变量、市场变量加入交互项模型,权力推续理论和市场转型论皆得到验证。另外,省商品房均价也是住房阶层的重要影响因素。Housing is an important part of family assets and an important factor that represents the differentiation of social groups.Based on the data of the China Family Panel Studies from 2010 to 2018,this study reveals the spatiotemporal evolution of the housing class of Chinese urban households,and explores the influencing factors of the housing class using the panel multiple Logit regression.The analysis shows that:1)The housing class of Chinese urban households presented an"olive-shaped"structure generally,urban households which have one house accounts for the main part,urban households which have no house,two or more houses accounts for a relatively small part.The proportion of urban households which have two or more houses shows an obvious growing trend.2)In terms of geography,urban households which have no house or one house show no obvious spatial agglomeration.Urban households which have two or more houses shows a polarized spatial distribution pattern,and over time it has shifted from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to the Yangtze River Basin.3)In the theory of family life cycle,family size,family annual income,marriage and age have positive impacts on housing class upward-transition.And by adding institutional variables and market variables into the interaction model,both the power extension theory and the market transformation theory are verified.In addition,the average price of provincial commercial housing is also an important factor affecting the housing class.

关 键 词：城市家庭 住房阶层 家庭规模 年收入 家庭生命周期 面板回归 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] K928.5[历史地理—人文地理学]