低利率环境下银行业净息差管理的国际经验及启示  

The International Experience of Banks'Net Interest Margin Management under Low Interest Rate Environment and Its Implications

作　　者：熊启跃[1] 曹鸿宇 章凯莉 XIONG Qiyue;CAO Hongyu;ZHANG Kaili

机构地区：[1]中国银行研究院

出　　处：《金融监管研究》2024年第10期20-42,共23页Financial Regulation Research

摘　　要：利率环境是影响银行净息差的关键因素。当前,我国政策利率水平持续下降,面对银行业特别是大型银行净息差的快速收窄,使净息差处于稳定合理区间成为我国银行业实现高质量发展的重要一环。本文研究了2008年金融危机以来,美、欧、日银行业在持续低利率(负利率)环境下的净息差管理策略。研究结果表明,低利率环境下,美、欧、日银行业主要从行业结构整合、资产负债结构调整和微观监管政策优化三方面促进银行体系稳健经营。实践中,其部分银行在应对净息差收窄问题上取得了积极成效。我国银行业可借鉴国际同业的部分有益做法,从提升全球竞争力、支持经济高质量发展目标、完善银行业市场结构、优化资产负债摆布、加大海外重点市场资源投入、有序推进综合化转型和完善监管机制安排等方面入手,促进银行业净息差稳定在合理安全区间。The interest rate environment is a significant factor influencing banks'net interest margin.Presently,China's policy interest rate level persists in its decline.The banking industry,particularly the large banks,has experienced a notable narrowing of net interest margins.Attaining a stable and reasonable net interest margin represents a crucial aspect of achieving high-quality development of China's banking industry.This paper examines the net interest margin management strategies of banking industries in the U.S.,Europe and Japan in the context of persistently low or even negative interest rates since the global financial crisis of 2008.The findings of the research indicate that in the context of a low-interest rate environment,the banking industry in the United States,Europe and Japan has primarily focused on promoting the sound operation of the banking system through three key avenues:industry structural integration,asset-liability structure adjustment and micro-regulatory policy optimization.Some banks have demonstrated positive outcomes in addressing the challenge of narrowing net interest margins.China's banking industry can adopt some of the useful practices of the international peers,improve its global competitiveness,support the goal of high-quality economic development,improve the market structure of the banking industry,increase resource input in key overseas markets,orderly promote comprehensive transformation,and improve regulatory arrangements,so as to stabilize the net interest margin of the banking industry in a reasonable and safe range.

关 键 词：低利率 净息差 资产负债结构 银行业结构 

分 类 号：F833[经济管理—金融学] F837