《文心雕龙》“未为时流所称”原因试解  

An Analysis of the Reasons Why The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons Was Not Known as a Current Work

作　　者：王术臻 Wang Shuzhen(School of Literature and Journalism,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学文学与新闻传播学院,青岛266071

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期57-68,共12页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：《文心雕龙》没有被当时的主流社会所普遍接受,与刘勰的出身门第和著述宗旨有关。刘勰的从曾祖刘穆之在晋末参与北府武人集团,凭借军功和谋略起家,形成将门世家,遭到高门士族的轻视和排斥,自宋至齐,东莞刘氏与王、谢、何、褚等高门一直处于对抗状态。萧齐代宋之后,刘氏家族的政治地位下降,进身越来越难。刘勰站在将门世家和次级士族的立场,与高门士族争夺话语权,他秉持实用主义原则,主张文学为军国政治服务,崇尚武力,热衷吏事,都源于其家学和门风。在文学创作上刘勰要求正末归本,以经为体,在文学功用上刘勰倡导士人将文才下移,施用于具体实务,这些理念都与南朝主流价值观念背道而驰。门第之争与军国理念,是理解《文心雕龙》当代处境的最佳切入点。The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons was not widely accepted by the mainstream society of its time,which was related to Liu Xie's family background and writing purpose.Liu Xie's great-great-grandfather,Liu Muzhi,participated in the Northern Frontier Military Group in the late Jin Dynasty and rose to power through military achievements and strategies,forming a military family that was looked down upon and excluded by the high-ranking scholar-officials.Since the Song Dynasty to the Qi Dynasty,the Liu family from Dongguan had been in opposition to the Wang,Xie,He,and Chu families,which were high-ranking scholar-officials.After the Qi Dynasty replaced the Song Dynasty,the political status of the Liu family declined,and it became increasingly difficult for them to advance.Standing on the position of the military family and the secondary scholar-officials,Liu Xie competed with the high-ranking scholar-officials for the right to speak.He adhered to the principle of pragmatism,advocating that literature should serve the military and political affairs,and valuing military force and being interested in administrative affairs,which were all rooted in his family learning and family style.In literary creation,Liu Xie required rectifying the end and returning to the original,taking the Confucian classics as the main body.In terms of the function of literature,Liu Xie advocated that scholar-officials should transfer their literary talent to practical affairs,which were all contrary to the mainstream value concepts of the Southern Dynasty.The dispute over family background and the military and political ideology are the best entry points for understanding the contemporary situation of The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons.

关 键 词：刘勰 《文心雕龙》 门第 家学 军国 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]