敦煌高僧法成《瑜伽师地论》讲解流程考  

A Study of the Explanation Process of Dunhuang Venerable Monk Facheng’s Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra

作　　者：徐键 张涌泉[2] Xu Jian;Zhang Yongquan(School of Humanities and Communication,Zhejiang University of Finance&Economics,Hangzhou 310018,China;Center of Studies of History of Chinese Language,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江财经大学人文与传播学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江大学汉语史研究中心,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第11期5-13,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学青年基金项目(20CZJ007)。

摘　　要：法成是吐蕃及归义军时期活跃于河西地区的著名僧人,他通晓梵汉藏三种语言,以讲经、译经闻名。敦煌文献中发现了大量法成讲解《瑜伽师地论》的相关写卷,大致上可以分为三类:《瑜伽师地论》经文原本、《瑜伽师地论分门记》以及《瑜伽师地论手记》,三者都是法成讲经的产物。法成讲经的对象是出家僧人,讲经的目的是宣扬佛法、教导僧众,故而其讲经活动是典型的僧讲。与俗讲不同,僧讲没有诸多烦琐的仪式,其重点在“依据经文,科别义旨”。法成讲解《瑜伽师地论》正是抛开了烦琐的仪式,将重心放到了佛经本身,其讲解流程分作五步:提前抄写经文、读诵经文、开题解题、科分经文、讲解经意。Facheng was a famous monk who was active in the Hexi area during the Tubo and the Guiyijun(归义军)Period.He was proficient in three languages of Sanskrit,Chinese and Tibetan,and was known for preaching and translating Buddhist sutra.A large number of manuscripts related to the explanation of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra by Facheng have been found in the Dunhuang manuscripts,which can be roughly divided into three categories:the original paper of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra(《瑜伽师地论》),Fenmenji of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra(《瑜伽师地论分门记》)and Shouji of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra(《瑜伽师地论手记》).Originally,Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra was used as a teaching material by the listening monks.Fenmenji of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra was the material for the listening monks to record the Facheng-teachings of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra,and the Shouji of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra was the notes for the listening monks to record the Facheng-teachings of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra sentence by sentence,all of which were the products of the Facheng-teachings.Moreover,the audience of Facheng’s teaching was monks who had officially become monks,and the purpose of the teaching was to promote Buddhadharma and teach the monks,and so its teaching activities were typical of monastic lecturing.Different from the secular lecturing,the process of monastic lecturing did not have many complicated rituals,such as bell ringing,entering the hall,worshiping Buddha,sitting on the seat,making Buddhist prayers,saying prayers,scattering flowers,etc.Monastic lecturing was“based on the scriptures,the meaning of the section”,which was carried out around the scriptures themselves.Previous researchers have mostly focused on secular lecturing in the teaching,and rarely discussed monastic lecturing and its process.With the help of the materials of Facheng’s teaching in the Dunhuang manuscripts,this paper sorts out the process of Facheng’s teaching of Yogacara-Bhumi-Sastra in detail,and divides it into five steps:copying the scriptures in advance,readi

关 键 词：法成 敦煌 僧讲 《瑜伽师地论》 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学]