法定机构的独立性及其保障  

Independence of Statutory Institutions and Its Safeguarding

作　　者：陈志英 胡谨珺 Chen Zhiying;Hu Jinjun(School of Law,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学法学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第11期104-116,共13页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(23BFX051);司法部项目(21SFB2008)。

摘　　要：在推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的进程中,法定机构在提高行政效能方面发挥着积极作用。随着行政职能的转变,法定机构作为一类新型的组织模式随之诞生,它承接了行政机关的公共管理功能,采用了市场化运作,并进行企业化管理,这是法定机构和行政机关作为组织体各自适应社会环境变化的结果。在向服务型政府转变的过程中,法定机构在组织与权能上的独立性也逐渐强化。但由于法定机构的职权源于行政权能的流转,立法无法穷尽彼此间的权责界限,使得法定机构的职权与行政权之间切割不清,这直接影响了法定机构的独立性,而独立性是法定机构的本质属性。因此,要使法定机构真正实现法人治理模式,应保障其独立,从而使其健康发展以更好地满足现代社会的治理需求。In the process of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity,statutory bodies play an active role in improving administrative effectiveness.The report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stressed the need to transform government functions,optimize the system of government responsibilities,and improve administrative efficiency and credibility.With the transformation of administrative functions,statutory bodies,as a new type of organizational model,are born.It is a product of the reform and innovation of China’s national institutions,which undertakes the public management function of administrative organs.Statutory bodies adopt market-oriented operation and enterprise-oriented management,which is the result of both statutory bodies and administrative bodies adapting to the changes of social environment.At present,there are not many research results on statutory bodies,but they have very important research value.The research on statutory bodies in the field of law is still in its infancy,and most of the research on statutory bodies focuses on the significance,necessity or personnel system of the establishment of statutory bodies.With the change of government functions,the demand for independence of statutory bodies is gradually strengthened,which is the intrinsic demand of the essential characteristics of statutory bodies.Whether from the development process of domestic and foreign statutory bodies,the institutional characteristics of“one law and one institution”,or the social functions undertaken by them,independence should be the most essential feature of statutory bodies.On the contrary,in reality,since the functions and powers of statutory bodies are derived from the transfer of administrative powers,legislation cannot exhaust the boundaries of power and responsibility between each other,which makes the separation of authority between the functions and powers of statutory bodies and executive power unclear.The specific manifestation is th

关 键 词：法定机构 独立性 监管 行政效能 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学] D922.1[政治法律—中外政治制度]