以国之名:南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭十周年  

In the Name of the Nation:Reflections on the Tenth Anniversary of the National Memorial Ceremony for Victims of the Nanjing Massacre

作　　者：张生[1,2] 余承璞 Zhang Sheng;Yu Chengpu

机构地区：[1]南京大学中华民国史研究中心 [2]南京大学国家记忆与国际和平研究院 [3]南京电视台专题节目部

出　　处：《日本学刊》2024年第6期1-20,157,160,共22页Japanese Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“战时中国社会”(编号:19JJD770006)。

摘　　要：南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭已经设立了十年。国家公祭,是以国为名举办的最高级别的仪式,其中包含了意蕴深长的程序和形式,更引导国人获得实践性的历史认知、培植爱国情怀。公祭仪式所处的空间,基于历史而生成,针对否定历史真相的日本右翼言行,具有政治性和意识形态性,公祭空间本身亦因应形势而扩充,并转换了自己的表述和语言。记忆的形成源远流长,在大屠杀历史发生的刹那就已开始,并因历史研究深化而升华。设立国家公祭和文化遗产的建议根植于南京长期的悼念仪式,并对日本右翼势力日益猖獗做出回应。记忆不仅因国家公祭而固化,亦在不断生长。南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭,体现了中国人民以史为鉴、珍爱和平的决意。The establishment of the National Memorial for the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre has reached its tenth anniversary.As the highest-level ceremony held in the name of the nation,the memorial encompasses profound rituals and formalities,guiding citizens toward a pragmatic understanding of history and fostering patriotic sentiment.Rooted in historical context,the memorial space counters the denialist rhetoric of far-right factions,embodying political and ideological significance.This space evolves in response to shifting circumstances,adapting its narrative and symbolic language accordingly.The formation of collective memory began in the very moments of the massacre and has been elevated through the deepening of historical research.The proposal to establish the National Memorial and preserve cultural heritage arose from the long-standing commemorative practices in Nanjing,offering a response to the growing audacity of Japanese right-wing forces.Memory is not only solidified through the memorial but continues to grow and transform.The National Memorial for the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre epitomizes the Chinese people's resolve to learn from history and their unwavering commitment to peace.

关 键 词：南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭 仪式 空间 记忆 十周年 

分 类 号：D647[政治法律—政治学]