福建省2019—2023年职业暴露人群禽流感病毒抗体水平分析  

Analysis of avian influenza viruses antibody levels in occupationally exposed populations in Fujian Province,2019-2023

作　　者：鄢育青 吴晶晶 林琦[1] 陈宏彬[1] 张炎华[1] 翁育伟[1] YAN Yuqing;WU Jingjing;LIN Qi;CHEN Hongbin;ZHANG Yanhua;WENG Yuwei(Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou,Fujian 350012,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350012

出　　处：《海峡预防医学杂志》2024年第4期1-3,7,共4页Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J1351);福建省卫生健康中青年科研重大项目(2021ZQNZD006);福建省科技创新平台建设项目(2019Y2001)。

摘　　要：目的了解福建省职业暴露人群禽流感病毒抗体水平,为其预测预警和防控提供依据。方法从国家疾病预防控制信息禽流感监测系统中,收集福建省2019—2023年度活禽市场、家禽养殖场等场所,职业暴露人群血清样本共2278份中H5N6、H7N9、H9N2共3种亚型禽流感病毒抗体数据,分析不同性别、年龄、场所职业暴露人群各类禽流感病毒的抗体水平。结果禽流感职业暴露人群血清2278份样本中,H9N2、H5N6、H7N9亚型病毒抗体阳性率分别为4.6%、2.6%、0.0%;H9亚型抗体阳性率(4.6%)高于H5亚型抗体阳性率(2.6%,χ^(2)=12.25,P<0.01);H5、H9亚型不同年度抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.72,χ^(2)=33.47,P均<0.01);H5、H9亚型活禽市场阳性率高于其他场所(4.1%,χ^(2)=19.66;7.1%,χ^(2)=37.57,P均<0.01);25~59岁组H9亚型阳性率(5.3%)高于其他年龄组(χ^(2)=8.50,P<0.05),而H5不同性别、年龄暴露人群的阳性率差异无统计学意义;H5、H9亚型泉州阳性率均较高(5.0%,χ^(2)=26.00;7.3%,χ^(2)=24.70,P均<0.01)。结论福建省职业暴露的人群存在禽流感潜在感染,主要暴露场所为活禽市场;泉州地区的阳性率较高;为及时发现人感染AIV并评估其感染风险,需持续加强禽类相关环境职业暴露人群的血清学监测。Objective To understand the antibody levels of avian influenza viruses in occupationally exposed populations in Fujian Province,so as to provide a basis for their prediction,early warning,prevention and control.Methods Occupationally exposed populations in live poultry markets,poultry farms,and other venues in Fujian Province during 2019-2023 were selected from the National Disease Control and Prevention Information Avian Influenza Surveillance System.Antibody data on H5N6,H7N9,and H9N2 subtypes were collected from 2278 serum samples.Antibody levels of various avian influenza viruses were analyzed for different genders,ages and locations.Results Among the 2278 collected sera samples,the antibody positive rates were 4.6%,2.6%,and 0.0%for H9N2,H5N6,and H7N9,respectively.The antibody positivity rate of H9 subtypes(4.6%)was higher than that of H5 subtypes(2.6%,χ^(2)=12.25,P<0.01).The differences of antibody positivity rates of H5 and H9 subtypes in different years were all statistically significant(χ^(2)=27.72,χ^(2)=33.47,both P<0.01).The positivity rates of H5 and H9 subtypes in live poultry markets were higher than those in other venues(4.1%,χ^(2)=19.66,7.1%,χ^(2)=37.57,both P<0.01).The positivity rate of H9 subtypes in the age group of 25-59 years old(5.3%)was higher than that in other age groups(χ^(2)=8.50,P<0.05),while the differences in the positivity rates of H5 between different sex and age groups were not statistically significant.The positivity rates of H5 and H9 subtypes were higher in Quanzhou City than other regions(5.0%,χ^(2)=26.00,7.3%,χ^(2)=24.70,both P<0.01).Conclusion Occupationally exposed people in Fujian Province were potentially at risk of contracting avian influenza viruses,with the main place of exposure being the live poultry market.Positive rates were higher in Quanzhou City than other regions.For timely detection of human infection with avian influenza viruses and infection risk assessment,serologic surveillance of occupationally exposed populations in avian-related environments nee

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 职业暴露人群 血凝抑制法 病毒抗体 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]