孤独症谱系障碍高危婴幼儿对社交场景的注视异常研究  

A Study on Gaze Abnormalities to Social Scenes in Toddlers at High Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder

作　　者：吴舒娴 孟凡超 靳兴越 何玉琼[1,2] 申艳梅 崔夕龙 罗学荣[1,2] WU Shu-xian;MENG Fan-chao;JIN Xing-yue;HE Yu-qiong;SHEN Yan-mei;CUI Xi-long;LUO Xuerong(Department of Psychiatry,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha 410011,China;National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders,Changsha 410011,China;Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院精神科,长沙410011 [2]国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心,长沙410011 [3]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院,北京100088

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2024年第6期1201-1206,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1309904)。

摘　　要：目的:探索孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)遗传高危(HR)婴幼儿(即ASD患者的婴幼儿同胞)对社交场景的注视模式,以了解ASD患者的早期征象,为ASD早期筛查提供依据。方法:本研究采用横断面设计,纳入HR-ASD婴幼儿、ASD患儿、正常发育(TD)婴幼儿各33名。使用格赛尔婴幼儿发展量表(GDS)、孤独症行为量表(ABC)、改良婴幼儿孤独症量表(M-CHAT)中文修订版进行评估,使用SMIRED 500眼动仪采集三组受试者观看互动社交场景的眼动数据。结果:(1)HR-ASD组对活动兴趣区(AOI)的首注视时间和注视时间百分比显著高于TD组,ASD组对活动AOI的注视时间百分比显著高于TD组,HR-ASD组和ASD组之间的上述指标比较均无统计学差异。(2)活动AOI的注视时间百分比用于区分HR-ASD组和TD组的灵敏度、特异度分别为0.72和0.76;活动AOI的注视时间百分比用于区分ASD组和TD组的灵敏度、特异度分别为0.84、0.68。结论:HR-ASD婴幼儿对社交场景中人物的重复性活动存在注视偏好,将这一指标用于区分其和正常婴幼儿的灵敏度和特异度较高。这表明对社交场景中人物的重复性活动的注视特征用于辅助ASD高危群体的早期筛查具有一定的应用前景。Objective:To explore gaze patterns on social scenes in toddlers at genetic high risk for autism spectrum disorder(HR-ASD)(namely,toddler siblings of individuals with ASD),aiming to understand the early signs of individuals with ASD and to provide a basis for early intervention.Methods:This study used a cross-sectional design and included HRASD toddlers(n=33),ASD toddlers(n=33)and typically developing(TD)toddlers(n=33).The gaze data of all the subjects were recorded using eye tracker as they viewed scenes of children's interaction.Gesell developmental schedules,autism behavior checklist and modified checklist for autism in toddler(Chinese revised version)were used for evaluation.Results:(1)The first fixation duration and percentage of fixation time of action area of interest(AOI)in HR-ASD group were significantly higher than those in TD group,the percentage of fixation time of action AOI in ASD group was significantly higher than that in TD group,but there were no significant differences between HR-ASD group and ASD group.(2)The sensitivity and specificity of the percentage of fixation time of action AOI used to distinguish HR-ASD group from the TD group were 0.72 and 0.76,respectively.And the sensitivity and specificity of the percentage of fixation time of action AOI used to distinguish the ASD group from the TD group were 0.84 and 0.68,respectively.Conclusion:HR-ASD toddlers have a gaze preference for repetitive activities of people in social scenes,and the sensitivity and specificity of this metric for distinguishing them from TD toddlers are high.This eye movement feature has a promising application in assisting the early screening of high-risk groups for ASD.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍高危婴幼儿 眼动 社交场景 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]