养育:遗传*环境-内分泌-脑机制  

Parenting:The Genetics*Environment-Endocrine-Brain Mechanism

作　　者：周敏 李新影[1,2] 李冰天 陈杰 ZHOU Min;LI Xin-ying;LI Bing-tian;CHEN Jie(The CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学心理学系,北京100049

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2024年第6期1332-1338,共7页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：中国科学院心理研究所科学基金,中国科学院内部基金(E2CX3815CX);国家自然科学基金项目(32130045)。

摘　　要：基于积极和消极养育研究,构建遗传*环境-内分泌-脑模型。父母基因可直接影响养育,也可通过调控激素敏感性间接影响养育,如催产素、睾酮、皮质醇。积极养育脑区涉及动机奖赏、唤醒警觉、内感、镜像、心理化、共情、执行和情绪调节八部分;消极养育体现于脑区激活异常、体积改变、功能连接失调和亲子脑区同步低,并有性别特异性。未来可考察中国父母养育遗传度,探讨多基因和环境交互影响,分析父母自发养育与脑区功能的相关性,基于全基因组关联分析和机器学习,了解影响养育的其他遗传变异以及各变量解释度。Based on the studies of positive and negative parenting styles,a genetic*environment-endocrine-brain model was constructed.Parental genes could not only directly affect parenting,but also indirectly affected parenting by regulating hormone sensitivity,such as oxytocin,testosterone,and cortisol.Positive parenting brain networks involve eight regions:motivation-reward,vigilance,internalization,mirroring,mentalizing,empathy,execution,and emotion regulation.Negative parenting was reflected in abnormal activation of brain regions,changes in brain volume,dysfunctional connectivity,and low synchrony of parent-child brain regions,which had gender specificity.Several advices were proposed for future directions:(1)examining the heritability of parental rearing in China;(2)exploring the interaction between multiple genes and the environment;(3)analyzing the correlation between spontaneous parenting and brain function,and(4)exploring other genetic variants that affect parenting,as well as the degree of explanation of each variable based on genome-wide association study and machine learning.

关 键 词：养育 遗传 内分泌 脑机制 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]