2013—2023年西昌市手足口病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease in Xichang City from 2013 to 2023

作　　者：杨端丹 曹明竹 YANG Duandan;CAO Mingzhu(Xichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xichang 615000,Sichuan Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]西昌市疾病预防控制中心,四川西昌615000

出　　处：《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》2024年第4期208-213,共6页Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases

摘　　要：目的 掌握四川省西昌市2013—2023年手足口病发病水平及流行特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用WPS 2019和SPSS 26.0软件对2013—2023年西昌市手足口病监测资料进行描述性流行病学分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验或趋势χ^(2)检验。检验水准α=0.05。结果 2013—2023年西昌市累计报告手足口病例13 982例,年均报告发病率157.15/10万,重症率0.76%,病死率0.07‰。2013—2023年西昌市手足口病报告发病率整体呈现下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=117.637,P<0.001)。发病呈现单峰型,多数年份发病高峰出现在4至6月,2018和2023年高峰出现在10至12月。5岁以下儿童组发病占95.38%;男性报告发病率(180.47/10万)高于女性(135.96/10万),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=275.413,P<0.001)。不同地区报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=523.116,P<0.001)。共报告实验室确诊病例340例,EV 71型、Cox A16型、其他肠道病毒分别占22.94%、22.06%和55.00%。结论 2013—2023年西昌市手足口病报告发病率整体呈现下降趋势,有明显的季节、年龄和地区特征。应加强重点人群手足口病发病的监测和管理,掌握病毒流行株的变化,制定行之有效的防控措施。Objective To understand the incidence level and epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Xichang City of Sichuan Province from 2013 to 2023,so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures. Methods WPS 2019and SPSS 26.0 software were used to conduct descriptive epidemiological analysis of HFMD surveillance datas in Xichang City from 2013 to 2023. The rates were compared by χ^(2)test or χ^(2)trend test. The test level was α =0.05. Results From 2013 to 2023, a total of 13 982 cases of HFMD were reported in Xichang City, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 157.15/105,the severe case rate of 0.76%, and a case fatality rate of 0.07‰. From 2013 to 2023, the reported incidence of HFMD in Xichang City showed a decreasing trend (χ^(2)trend=117.637,P<0.001). The incidence was unimodal,with the peak incidence occurring from April to June in most years,and the peak in October and December in 2018 and 2023. The incidence rate of children under 5 years of age accounted for 95.38%, and the reported incidence rate of males(180.47/105) was higher than that of females(135.96/105),and the difference was statistically significant (χ^(2)=275.413,P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in reported incidence rates in different regions(χ^(2)=523.116, P<0.001). A total of 340 laboratory-confirmed cases were reported,with EV 71,Cox A16 and other enteroviruses accounting for 22.94%, 22.06% and 55.00%, respectively.Conclusions From 2013 to 2023, the reported incidence of HFMD in Xichang City showed a downward trend as a whole, with obvious seasonal, age, and regional characteristics. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and management of the incidence of HFMD in key populations, grasp the changes in the epidemic strains of the virus, and formulate effective prevention and control measures.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学特征 监测 西昌市 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]