进口热斑影响下的燃气涡轮颗粒物沉积特性  

Particulate Deposition Patterns on Gas Turbine Vanes with Hot Streaks

作　　者：胡朝棕 郝子晗 杨星[1] 丰镇平[1] HU Chaozong;HAO Zihan;YANG Xing;FENG Zhenping(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an,China,Post Code:710049)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《热能动力工程》2024年第11期84-96,共13页Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52276035)。

摘　　要：颗粒污染物在高温高速燃气的作用下极易沉积在涡轮叶片上,导致涡轮气热性能退化。燃烧室热斑加剧了流动环境的复杂性,给颗粒物沉积效应的研究带来了极大的技术挑战。为了揭示非均匀温度场中颗粒物在涡轮环境中的迁移规律与沉积特性,本文采用数值模拟方法,结合用户自定义函数,在航空发动机真实运行条件下针对高压涡轮第一级静叶,通过在涡轮进口设置高斯分布的温度变化模拟热斑,并改变热斑温比以及热斑与导叶之间的相对周向位置,研究涡轮进口热斑对颗粒物沉积效应的影响。结果表明:当热斑正对叶片前缘时大量高温颗粒物冲击到叶片前缘沉积,热斑正对流道中心时更多的高温颗粒物在叶片中后弦、尾缘区以及相邻叶片的前缘位置处沉积;随着温比的增大,热斑尾迹高温中心区向中叶展位置集中,低温区域面积增大,叶片表面整体的沉积量减少;相较于导叶进口温度均匀的情况,热斑的存在一方面提高了叶片表面的沉积量,另一方面增大了相邻叶片上的沉积差异(沉积效率差别最高达到11.6%),加剧了下游动叶入口流场的不均匀性。Particulate pollutants are highly susceptible to depositing on turbine vanes under high-temperature and high-velocity gas flow conditions,leading to the degradation of turbine aerothermal performance.Hot streaks in the combustion chamber exacerbate the complexity of the flow environment,posing significant technical challenges for the study of particulate deposition effects.To elucidate the migration patterns and deposition characteristics of particulates in the turbine environment in non-uniform temperature fields,numerical simulations combined with user-defined functions were employed to investigate the effects of turbine inlet hot streaks on particles deposition of the first-stage stator vane of a high-pressure turbine under actual operating conditions of aero engine,by means of applying a Gaussian temperature distribution at the turbine inlet to simulate hot streaks and varying the hot streaks temperature ratio and their relative circumferential positions to the vane.Results show that when the hot streaks are positioned directly in front of the vane leading edge,a large number of high-temperature particles impinge and deposit on the leading edge surfaces.As the hot streaks are aligned with the vane mid-passage,more hightemperature particles deposit on the mid-chord,back chord and trailing edge regions of the vane,as well as the leading edge of adjacent vanes.Increasing the hot streaks temperature ratio causes the high-temperature center of the hot streaks trail to concentrate towards the midspan position,increasing low temperature area and reducing overall deposition levels on the vane surface.In contrast to a uniform inlet temperature case,the hot streaks not only increase the amount of deposition on the vane surface,but also magnify the deposition differences between adjacent vanes,with the highest deposition efficiency difference reaching up to 11.6%,thus intensifying the inlet flow field non-uniformities towards downstream rotors.

关 键 词：燃气涡轮 热斑 温比 用户自定义函数 颗粒物沉积 

分 类 号：TK14[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]