唐山地区兔主要呼吸道病原菌的检测与耐药性分析  

Detection and Drug Resistance Analysis of Main Respiratory Pathogens in Rabbit in Tangshan Area

作　　者：李艳红 LI Yanhong(Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Leting County,Tangshan City,Hebei Province,Leting 063600)

机构地区：[1]河北省唐山市乐亭县农业农村局,乐亭063600

出　　处：《中国养兔》2024年第5期11-12,19,共3页Chinese Journal of Rabbit Farming

摘　　要：为了了解河北唐山地区养殖场中兔的主要呼吸道病原菌(多杀性巴氏杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯氏杆菌及肺炎双球菌)流行分布情况及耐药性情况。对2022—2023年采集唐山地区养殖场中疑似患呼吸道症状兔的鼻拭子及死亡兔的心血、肺脏、肝脏等病料组织样本319份,采用细菌分离鉴定方法对采集病料组织样本(鼻拭子、心、血、肺脏、肝脏等)进行多杀性巴氏杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯氏杆菌及肺炎双球菌4种病原菌分离鉴定,采用K-B药敏纸片法检测临床分离菌株耐药情况。结果显示:从319份病料组织样品中分离得到了4种病原菌,其中铜绿假单胞菌有41株、肺炎克雷伯氏杆菌有35株、多杀性巴氏杆菌有22株、肺炎双球菌有12株,检出率分别为12.9%、12.9%、6.90%、3.76%;分离得到4种呼吸道病原菌均对头孢噻呋、头孢噻肟、恩诺沙星等5种药物敏感,对其他药物耐药。其研究为该地区养殖场及散养户中兔主要呼吸道病防控提供参考。In order to understand the epidemic distribution and drug resistance of the main respiratory pathogens(Bacillus subtilis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Streptococcus pneumoniae)in rabbits raised in the Tangshan area of Hebei province.From 2022 to 2023,319 nasal swabs of rabbits suspected of respiratory symptoms and heart blood,lungs,liver and other diseased tissue samples of dead rabbits were collected from breeding farms in Tangshan area.Bacterial isolation and identification methods were used to isolate and identify four pathogenic bacteria,including Bacillus subtilis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Streptococcus pneumoniae,from the collected diseased tissue samples(nasal swabs,heart blood,lungs,liver,etc.).Clinical isolates were tested for drug resistance using the K-B drug sensitive paper method.The results showed that four pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 319 tissue samples,including 41 strains of P.aeruginosa,35strains of K.pneumoniae,22 strains of B.multocida,and 12 strains of S.pneumoniae,with detection rates of 12.9%,12.9%,6.90%,and 3.76%,respectively;Four respiratory pathogens were isolated and all were sensitive to five drugs,including cefotaxime,cefotaxime,and enrofloxacin,while resistant to other drugs.This study provides reference for the prevention and control of major respiratory diseases in rabbits in aquaculture farms and free range households in the region.

关 键 词：兔 呼吸道病 病原菌 分离鉴定 耐药性 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]