2023年上海市浦东新区某住宅小区乌桕黄毒蛾幼虫引发的皮疹暴发事件调查  

Investigation of rash outbreak caused by larvae of Euproctis bipunctapex in a residence community in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,China,2023

作　　者：刘婧怡 顾盈培 元永艇 于思雨[1,2] 刘俊 葛鸽[1,2] 李慧慧 刘汉昭 LIU Jing-yi;GU Ying-pei;YUAN Yong-ting;YU Si-yu;LIU Jun;GE Ge;LI Hui-hui;LIU Han-zhao(Department of Vector Control and Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200136,China;Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心病媒生物控制与寄生虫病防制科,上海200136 [2]复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海200136

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2024年第6期719-722,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生系统学科带头人培养计划(PWRd2023-12);上海市浦东新区卫生健康委公共卫生高峰学科-传染病学(PWYggf2021-01);上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023-2025年)重点学科(GWVI-11.1-02-传染病学)。

摘　　要：目的调查2023年上海市浦东新区某住宅小区内居民出现聚集性不明原因皮疹的病因,分析发病的危险因素。方法2023年7月对事件发生小区出现症状的居民进行个案调查,针对小区开展环境调查,描述病例的流行病学特征,进行病例对照研究,鉴定虫种,采用SPSS 26.0软件对不同组别数据采用χ^(2)检验进行统计学分析。单因素logistic回归分析用于危险因素分析。结果病例聚集的楼栋前乌桕树及路灯上发现大量鳞翅目幼虫,鉴定为乌桕黄毒蛾。病例红疹最多的部位为上肢(84.34%),最少的部位为头面部(7.23%)。距离过敏源<50、50~100、>100 m范围内居民的红疹罹患率分别为81.32%、75.00%、25.00%,距离过敏源不同距离范围内的居民红疹罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=26.407,P<0.001)。不同年龄组中罹患率最高的是>60岁年龄组,其次是>50~60岁年龄组和>20~30岁年龄组。曾在过敏源50 m范围内停留[OR=14.79,95%置信区间(CI):5.73~38.17,P=0.001]和最近1个月在小区空地晾晒过被子、衣物(OR=2.37,95%CI:1.05~5.36,P=0.038)是发生皮疹的危险因素。结论2023年上海市浦东新区某住宅小区内居民出现的聚集性不明原因皮疹为一起由乌桕黄毒蛾幼虫引起的过敏性皮疹事件,乌桕黄毒蛾幼虫毒毛可随风飘散接触人体皮肤引起过敏性皮疹,在乌桕黄毒蛾幼虫毒毛飘散范围内晾晒被子也会导致过敏性皮疹。Objective To explore the cause of and risk factors for an clusters of unexplained rashes of residents occurred in a residence community in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,China in 2023.Methods Case studies were conducted on symptomatic residents in July 2023.Environmental surveys were carried out on the community.Epidemiological characteristics of cases were described.Meanwhile,case-control studies were conducted,and pest species were identified.SPSS 26.0 software and Chi-square test were used to statistically analyze the data of different groups.Univariate logistic regression analysis was used for risk factor analysis.Results A large number of Lepidoptera larvae were found on the Chinese tallow trees and street lamps in front of the building where the cases gathered,and they were identified as Euproctis bipunctapex.The body part with the highest incidence rate of rashes was the upper limbs(84.34%),and that with the lowest incidence rate of rashes was the head and face(7.23%).The attack rates of rashes among residents living less than 50 meters,between 50 meters and 100 meters,and greater than 100 meters away from allergens were 81.32%,75.00%,and 25.00%,respectively,with significant differences(χ^(2)=26.407,P<0.001).The highest attack rate was observed in the age group of>60 years,followed by the age groups of>50-60 years and>20-30 years.Staying within 50 meters away from allergens[odds ratio(OR)=14.79,95%confidence interval(CI):5.73-38.17,P=0.001]and drying quilts and clothes in the open space of the community in the last month(OR=2.37,95%CI:1.05-5.36,P=0.038)were risk factors for rashes.Conclusions This clusters of unexplained rashes that occurred in residents in a residence community in Pudong New Area,Shanghai in 2023 is an outbreak of allergic rash caused by larvae of E.bipunctapex,whose poisonous hairs are dispersed by the wind and cause allergic rashes in contact with human skin.Drying quilts within the dispersing range of the poisonous hairs of larvae of E.bipunctapex also causes allergic rashes.

关 键 词：皮疹 乌桕黄毒蛾 暴发 现场流行病学 

分 类 号：R392.8[医药卫生—免疫学] R18[医药卫生—基础医学]