苏州市孕妇人群流感及流感疫苗相关知识、态度和行为的现况调查及影响因素分析  

Knowledge,attitude,practice and influencing factors on influenza and influenza vaccine among pregnant women in Suzhou

作　　者：王睿 张媛媛 刘成[2] 崔朋伟[2] 徐凤 蒋佳润 陈立凌 杨海兵[3] 刘芳[3,4,5] Wang Rui;Zhang Yuanyuan;Liu Cheng;Cui Pengwei;Xu Feng;Jiang Jiarun;Chen Liling;Yang Haibing;Liu Fang(School of Public Health,Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221004,China;Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou 215131,China;Director Office,Suzhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou 215131,China;Suzhou Municipal Health Commission,Suzhou 215002,China;Suzhou Municipal Disease Control and Prevention Administration,Suzhou 215002,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州医科大学公共卫生学院,徐州221004 [2]苏州市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,苏州215131 [3]苏州市疾病预防控制中心主任办公室,苏州215131 [4]苏州市卫生健康委员会,苏州215002 [5]苏州市疾病预防控制局,苏州215002

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2024年第12期1672-1678,共7页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：中美新发和再发传染病合作项目(5U011P001106-02-00);苏州市2022年度第27批科技发展计划(2022SS14);苏州市医学重点扶持学科(SZFCXK202146)。

摘　　要：目的了解苏州市孕妇人群流感及流感疫苗的知识、态度和行为(KAP)现状,分析其影响因素,为推动孕妇人群流感疫苗接种的公共卫生策略提供支撑。方法采用分层抽样的方法,对2023年在苏州市不同等级医疗机构接受体检的不同妊娠期的孕妇进行面对面调查,分析其KAP现状,并采用χ^(2)检验和logistic回归进行影响因素分析。结果本研究共回收有效问卷2195份。苏州市孕妇人群流感和流感疫苗相关知识的得分M(Q_(1),Q_(3))为7.60(5.23,9.80)分,得分范围为0.20~14.71分,及格率为34.12%,流感疫苗的知晓率为57.45%,过去1年接种过流感疫苗者占1.91%,妊娠期有流感疫苗接种意愿者占3.57%。有关流感和流感疫苗相关知识得分的多因素分析显示,及格率与文化程度、孕周及家庭年收入呈正相关,居住在农村地区、职业为农民工、无医保与及格率呈负相关,接种意愿的多因素分析显示,流感疫苗有效性降低、不良反应增多会降低妊娠期的接种意愿。结论苏州市孕妇人群对流感的关注度较高,妊娠期接种率和接种意愿普遍较低。早、中妊娠期、低文化程度、居住在农村地区、职业为农民工以及无医保的孕妇是普及流感和流感疫苗相关知识的重点人群。Objective To understand the current knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)on influenza and influenza vaccine among pregnant women in Suzhou and to analyze its influencing factors to provide technical support data for public health strategies for promoting influenza vaccination in pregnant women.Methods A questionnaire was designed,and a stratified sampling method was used to conduct a face-to-face survey among pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy who received antenatal examinations at different levels of medical institutions in Suzhou,Jiangsu Province,in 2023.KAP status and influencing factors were analyzed byχ^(2)test and logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 2195 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey.The M(Q_(1),Q_(3))of knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccine among pregnant women in Suzhou was 7.60(5.23,9.80)points,and the score range was 0.20-14.71 points,the passing rate was 34.12%,the awareness rate of influenza vaccine was 57.45%,and the vaccination rate of influenza vaccine was 1.91%within one year before the survey.The willingness to receive influenza vaccine during pregnancy was only 3.57%.Multivariate analysis of influenza and influenza vaccine-related knowledge scores showed that the passing rate was positively correlated with education level and gestational age.In contrast,family income was negatively correlated with living in rural areas,working as migrant workers,and having no medical insurance.Multivariate analysis of vaccination intention showed that decreased effectiveness of influenza vaccine and increased adverse reactions decreased vaccination intention during pregnancy.Conclusions The pregnant women in Suzhou pay more attention to influenza,and vaccination rates and intentions are generally low.Pregnant women with early and second trimester of pregnancy,low education,living in rural areas,working as migrant workers,and not purchasing medical insurance are the key groups to popularize the knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccine.

关 键 词：孕妇 流感 流感疫苗 知识 态度 行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]