酶联免疫吸附法、胶体金免疫层析法在人类免疫缺陷病毒检测中的应用价值  

Application Value of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Colloidal Gold Immunochromatography in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Detection

作　　者：龚宇 王娟 谢春华 Gong Yu;Wang Juan;Xie Chunhua(Department of medical Laboratory,Nanjing Gaochun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention1,Nanjing 211300,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市高淳区疾病预防控制中心检验科,江苏南京211300 [2]南京市高淳人民医院中心实验室,江苏南京211300

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2024年第36期92-94,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:分析酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)、胶体金免疫层析法在人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)检测中的应用价值。方法:选取2022年5月—2024年5月于南京市高淳区疾病预防控制中心门诊进行HIV检测的受试者950例作为研究对象,抽取受试者静脉血,采用ELISA和胶体金免疫层析法检测HIV。以免疫印迹试验结果为“金标准”,比较ELISA、胶体金免疫层析法检测HIV的效能。结果:950例患者免疫印迹试验结果为HIV阳性10例,阴性940例。ELISA检测HIV的准确率、灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值均高于胶体金免疫层析法(P<0.05)。结论:与胶体金免疫层析法相比,ELISA在HIV检测中的应用价值更高,可用于临床HIV感染筛查。Objective:To analyze the application value of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and colloidal gold immu-nochromatography in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)detection.Methods:A total of 950 subjects who underwent HIV testing at the outpatient clinic of Nanjing Gaochun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention from May 2022 to May 2024 were se-lected as the study subjects.Venous blood of the subjects was drawn to detect HIV by ELISA and colloidal gold immunochromatog-raphy.The results of western blotting were used as the"gold standard"to compare the efficacy of ELISA and colloidal gold immuno-chromatography in the HIV detection.Results:Among the 950 patients,10 cases were HIV-positive and 940 cases were negative according to the results of western blotting.The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity and positive predictive value of ELISA in the HIV detection were higher than those of colloidal gold immunochromatography(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with colloidal gold im-munochromatography,ELISA has higher application value in HIV detection and can be used for clinical HIV infection screening.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 酶联免疫吸附法 胶体金免疫层析法 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]