社区老年人饮食自我效能现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on Current Status and Influencing Factors of Diet Self-Efficacy of Community Elderly

作　　者：张佩 廖姿艺 袁义 李岳 王蓉[1] Zhang Pei;Liao Ziyi;Yuan Yi;Li Yue;Wang Rong(School of Nursing,University of South China1,Hengyang 421001,Hunan Province,China;Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China2,Hengyang 421001,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学护理学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]南华大学附属第一医院心血管内科,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2024年第36期125-127,130,共4页Chinese Community Doctors

基　　金：2022年度湖南省社科联评审委员会课题(编号:XSP22YBC034);2022年度衡阳市社会科学基金项目一般项目(编号:2022C022)。

摘　　要：目的:分析社区老年人饮食自我效能现状及影响因素。方法:于2024年5—7月采用抽样法随机选取衡阳市4个社区卫生服务中心居住的380名老年人为调查对象,向老年人发放调查问卷,包括一般资料调查表、饮食自我效能量表、微型营养评估量表(MNA)、简版老年人抑郁量表,分析社区老年人饮食自我效能现状及影响因素。结果:社区老年人体质量控制、健康饮食技能、饮食行为控制的评分较高,社会情境下的饮食评分较低。文化程度、居住方式、家庭人均月收入、患慢性病种数、MNA评分是社区老年人饮食自我效能的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:社区老年人饮食自我效能总体处于较低水平,社区人员应重点关注多种慢性病、文化程度和家庭人均月收入较低、独居、营养状况较差的社区老年人,加强健康饮食指导,提高老年人的饮食自我效能。Objective:To analyze the current situation and influencing factors of diet self-efficacy among community elderly.Methods:A total of 380 elderly people were randomly selected from four community health service centers in Hengyang City from May 2024 to July 2024 using sampling method as the survey subjects.Questionnaires including General Data Questionnaire,Diet Self-Efficacy Scale,Mini Nutritional Assessment Scale(MNA)and five-item Geriatric Depression Scale were distributed to the elderly people.The current situation and influencing factors of diet self-efficacy among community elderly were analyzed.Results:The community elderly had higher scores of body mass control,healthy diet skills and diet behavior control,and lower scores of diet in the social context.Education level,mode of residence,per capita monthly household income,number of chronic diseases,and MNA score were independent influencing factors of diet self-efficacy among the community elderly(P<0.05).Conclusion:The diet self-efficacy of the community elderly is generally low.Community personnel should pay attention to the community elderly with a variety of chronic diseases,low education level and per capita monthly family income,living alone and poor nutritional status to strengthen the healthy diet guidance and improve the diet self-efficacy of the elderly.

关 键 词：社区 老年人 饮食 自我效能 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]