Fasting as a precursor to high-fat diet enhances mitochondrial resilience in Drosophila melanogaster  

作　　者：Florence Hunter-Manseau Simon BCormier Rebekah Strang Nicolas Pichaud 

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,Universitéde Moncton,Moncton,New Brunswick,Canada [2]New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine,Moncton,New Brunswick,Canada

出　　处：《Insect Science》2024年第6期1770-1788,共19页昆虫科学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)(grant number RGPIN-2017-05100 and RGPIN-2023-05945);the Universitéde Moncton;the New Brunswick Innovation Foundation(NBIF)to NP(Emerging Project and Research Assistantship Initiative);supported by a NSERC doctoral scholarship(PGS D).

摘　　要：Changes in diet type and nutrient availability can impose significant environmental stress on organisms,potentially compromising physiological functions and reproductive success.In nature,dramatic fluctuations in dietary resources are often observed and adjustments to restore cellular homeostasis are crucial to survive this type of stress.In this study,we exposed male Drosophila melanogaster to two modulated dietary treatments:one without a fasting period before exposure to a high-fat diet and the other with a 24-h fasting period.We then investigated mitochondrial metabolism and molecular responses to these treatments.Exposure to a high-fat diet without a preceding fasting period resulted in disrupted mitochondrial respiration,notably at the level of complex I.On the other hand,a short fasting period before the high-fat diet maintained mitochondrial respiration.Generally,transcript abundance of genes associated with mitophagy,heatshock proteins,mitochondrial biogenesis,and nutrient sensing pathways increased either slightly or significantly following a fasting period and remained stable when flies were subsequently put on a high-fat diet,whereas a drastic decrease of almost all transcript abundances was observed for all these pathways when flies were exposed directly to a high-fat diet.Moreover,mitochondrial enzymatic activities showed less variation after the fasting period than the treatment without a fasting period.Overall,our study sheds light on the mechanistic protective effects of fasting prior to a high-fat diet and highlights the metabolic flexibility of Drosophila mitochondria in response to abrupt dietary changes and have implication for adaptation of species to their changing environment.

关 键 词：dietary modulation FASTING high-fat diet metabolic flexibility mitochondrial metabolism stress response 

分 类 号：Q96[生物学—昆虫学]