荒漠草原乡土植物牛枝子种子生产的灌溉制度筛选  

Selection of irrigation regime for seed production of nativeplant Lespedeza potanini in desert steppe

作　　者：马婷婷[1] 高福洁 韩丙芳 彭文栋 刘定鑫 刘超 沈艳[1] 马红彬[1] MA Tingting;GAO Fujie;HAN Bingfang;PENG Wendong;LIU Dingxin;LIU Chao;SHEN Yan;MA Hongbin(Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center of Ningxia Province/Key Laboratory of Forage Efficient Production Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University/Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Ministry of Education/Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China;Scientific and Technical Service Center of Yanchi County,Wuzhong 751500,Ningxia,China;Administration Bureau of Luoshan National Nature Reserve,Wuzhong 751500,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心/农业农村部饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室/宁夏大学林业与草业学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院/旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心/宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,银川750021 [3]盐池县科技服务中心,宁夏吴忠751500 [4]宁夏罗山国家级自然保护区管理局,宁夏吴忠751500

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第12期3401-3408,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：宁夏科技创新领军人才培养项目(KJT2018003);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2021BEG02009);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目;罗山2023年中央财政林业改革发展资金草原生态修复治理补助项目;宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2017A03)资助

摘　　要：建立适宜的灌溉制度对干旱区乡土植物牛枝子种子人工扩繁具有重要意义。本研究以宁夏荒漠草原野生优良牧草牛枝子为对象,设置2、3和4次3个灌水次数及150、250、350m^(3)·hm^(-2)3个灌水定额,共9种灌溉制度,通过开展小区对比试验,研究了不同灌溉制度对牛枝子种子生产相关的农艺性状、种子产量和质量、水分利用效率的影响,并筛选最优灌溉制度。结果表明:灌水次数和灌水定额对牛枝子株高、分枝数、生殖枝数、花序数、结荚数、荚果种子数和千粒重有显著影响。T_(3)(灌水2次,每次350m^(3)·hm^(-2))处理牛枝子种子产量最高,比T_(8)(灌水4次,每次250m^(3)·hm^(-2))处理高49.4%;T4(灌水3次,每次150m^(3)·hm^(-2))处理水分利用效率最高。T_(3)处理下种子发芽率和发芽势最高,分别达到88.0%和84.7%。通过熵权-TOPSIS法综合评价认为,T_(3)处理为牛枝子种子人工扩繁适宜的灌溉制度。It is of great significance to establish a suitable irrigation regime for the artificial propagation of native plant Lespedeza potanini in arid areas.Taking the wild excellent herbage L.potanini from desert steppe of Ningxia as test material,we set up an experiment with nine irrigation regimes(three irrigation times of 2,3,and 4 times,crossed with three rrigation quotas of 150,250,and 350m^(3)·hm^(-2))to select the best regime by investigating the effects of different irrigation regimes on the agronomic characteristics related to seed production,seed yield and quality,as well as water use efficiency.We found that the rrigation time and quota had significant effect on plant height,branch number,reproductive branch number,inflorescence number,pod number,pod seed number,and the thousand-seed weight.The highest seed yield was obtained in the T,treatment(irrigating 2 times,350 m^(3)·hm^(-2)for each time),which was 49.4%higher than that of the Tg treatment(irrigating 4 times,250 m^(3)·hm^(-2)for each time).The T,treatment(irrigating 3 times,each time 150 m^(3)·hm^(-2))had the highest water use efficiency.The germination rate and the germination potential of seeds under the T,treatment were the highest,reaching 88.0%and 84.7%,respectively.The T,treatment was the suitable irrigation regime for the artificial propagation of L.potanini seeds based on a comprehensive evaluation using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method.

关 键 词：牛枝子 灌溉 种子产量 种子质量 乡土植物 荒漠草原 

分 类 号：S812.4[农业科学—草业科学]