南充市2014—2022年蚊密度监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis of mosquito density in Nanchong Cityfrom 2014 to 2022

作　　者：孙青松[1] 刘红 杨欢 田洪瑞[1] SUN Qingsong;LIU Hong;YANG Huan;TIAN Hongrui(Nanchong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchong,Sichuan 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]南充市疾病预防控制中心,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2024年第6期538-541,572,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的对南充市2014—2022年的蚊密度监测数据进行统计分析,掌握南充市人居及周边环境成蚊密度、种群分布和季节消长趋势,为有效评估蚊媒传播疾病发病风险,控制蚊虫密度提供科学依据。方法采用诱蚊灯法监测,收集南充市2014—2022年4—11月成蚊监测数据,使用Excel 2010建立数据库,绘制图表,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析,对不同年份、不同生境、不同月份捕获的雌蚊构成比进行χ^(2)检验,对蚊密度进行方差分析。结果2014—2022年南充市蚊种构成以淡色(致倦)库蚊为主,占比为44.74%,不同年份、不同生境、不同月份蚊种构成比存在统计学差异(χ^(2)值分别为14551.26、20874.18、1763.39,P<0.05);不同蚊种不同年度、不同年份不同生境蚊密度变化和季节消长趋势差异有统计学意义(F值分别为5.03、8.70、3.45,P<0.05),2014—2022年蚊密度呈波浪变化,蚊密度以牲畜棚蚊密度最高,达96.01只/(灯·夜),4—11月中各监测点捕获蚊虫总密度季节消长趋势呈单峰曲线,7—9月蚊密度最高。结论2014—2022年南充市蚊虫仍然广泛分布,淡色(致倦)库蚊和三带喙库蚊为优势种群,农村蚊密度明显高于城市,特别是牲畜棚是蚊虫最主要的孳生地,是蚊虫防控重点区域,每年夏秋季节是蚊虫活动高峰期,是蚊虫防控重点时期。Objective To analyze the surveillance data of mosquito density in Nanchong,Sichuan Province from 2014 to 2022,to understand the mosquito density,species distribution and seasonal fluctuation in residential areas and its surroundings,so as to evaluate the risk of mosquito-borne infectious diseases and to provide scientific basis for the control the density of mosquitoes.Methods The data of adult mosquito in Nanchong from April to November of 2014 to 2022 was monitored by lamp trapping method.Excel 2010 was used for databases and charts and SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis.Chi-quare test is applied to examine the composition ratio of female mosquitoes trapped in different years,habitats and months and variance analysis applied to the density.Results Culex pipiens pallens accounted for the highest proportion of 44.74%in Nanchong from 2014 to 2022.There were statistical differences in the composition of mosquito in different years,habitats and months(χ^(2)=14551.26,20874.18,1763.39,P<0.05);and there were statistical differences in the trends of mosquito density and seasonal fluctuationin different species,years and habitats(F=5.03,8.70,3.45,P<0.05).The mosquito density showed a wave pattern from 2014 to 2022 and the highest mosquito density was found in livestock sheds,as much as 96.01 mosquitoes per lamp·h.The seasonal fluctuation of mosquito density showed a single-peak pattern from April to November in different monitoring sites,with the highest density from July to September.Conclusion The mosquitoes are still widely spread in Nanchong and Cx.pipiens pallens and Cx.tritaeniorhynchus are the dominant mosquito species.The mosquito density in rural areas is obviously higher than urban areas.The highest mosquito density is in livestock sheds,which should be the key area for mosquito control.Mosquitoes are active in summer and autumn,and mosquito control should be strengthened during this period.

关 键 词：南充市 蚊密度 监测分析 季节性变化 影响因素 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]