海南省三沙市永兴岛的鼠类及 Hunnivirus 监测分析  

Monitoring and analysis of rodents and Hunnivirus in Yongxing Island,Sansha City,Hainan Province

作　　者：王崇财 卢素英 孟凡进 马伟博 钱娇娇 王强 郁诗伟 郭建斌 谭伟龙 WANG Chongcai;LU Suying;MENG Fanjin;MA Weibo;QIAN Jiaojiao;WANG Qiang;YU Shiwei;GUO Jianbin;TAN Weilong(Hainan International Travel Healthcare Center(Haikou Customs Port Clinic),Haikou,Hainan 570311,China;Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Eastern Theater Command,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210002,China;Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center(Shanghai Customs Port Clinic),Shanghai 200335,China;Zhejiang Huzhou Gospel Hospital Disease Control Department,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]海南国际旅行卫生保健中心(海口海关口岸门诊部),海南海口570311 [2]东部战区疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210002 [3]上海国际旅行卫生保健中心(上海海关口岸门诊部),上海200335 [4]浙江湖州福音医院疾控科,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2024年第6期583-586,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2022HK140)。

摘　　要：目的掌握海南省三沙市永兴岛的鼠类分布及Hunnivirus携带情况,为鼠传疾病的防控提供科学依据。方法2022、2023、2024年在三沙市永兴岛通过笼夜法,捕获鼠类,经分类鉴定后取其肝、肺、脾和膀胱等组织。根据病毒宏基因组测序的结果应用RT-PCR法检测Hunnivirus。采用χ^(2)检验和Fisher确切概率法比较不同生境的鼠类密度和构成比差异,用MEGA11软件进行序列比对及系统发育分析。结果共放置有效鼠笼671只,捕获鼠类35只,总体鼠密度为5.22%。不同生境的鼠密度差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.4663,df=3,P=0.6901)。共检测36份鼠类组织样本,2份检测出Hunnivirus阳性,均为褐家鼠。系统发育分析显示阳性病毒序列与美国纽约市报告的褐家鼠Hunnivirus序列(NrHuV/NYC-E21)和中国广东报告的褐家鼠Hunnivirus序列(RatHuV/YY12/CHN)具有最密切的相关性,与牛、绵羊和鼠类中鉴定的Hunnivirus序列具有同源性。结论海南省三沙市永兴岛可能有Hunnivirus的传播风险,该病毒的宿主范围包括牛、鼠和羊等动物,可能在鼠和其他动物物种间发生跨物种传播,且该地区鼠密度较高,应持续监测并制定必要的防控策略。Objective To understand the distribution of rodents and the prevalence of Hunnivirus in Yongxing Island,Sansha City,Hainan Province,so as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases.Methods In 2022,2023 and 2024,rats were captured in Yongxing Island,Sansha City,using the cage night trapping method,and the liver,lung,spleen and bladder were collected after classification and identification.Based on the results of viral metagenomic sequencing,RT-PCR was applied to detect Hunnivirus.The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact probability method were used to compare the differences in rodent density and composition ratio in different habitats,and the MEGA11 software was used for sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis.Results A total of 671 effective rat cages were placed and 35 rodents were captured,with an overall rodent density of 5.22%.There were statistically significant differences in rodent density in different habitats(χ^(2)=1.4663,df=3,P=0.6901).A total of 36 tissue samples were tested,and two were positive for Hunnivirus,all of which were Rattus norvegicus.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the positive viral sequences were most closely related to the Hunnivirus sequences reported in Rattus norvegicus from New York City,USA(NrHuV/NYC-E21)and Rattus norvegicus from Guangdong,China(RatHuV/YY12/CHN),and shared a common origin with Hunnivirus sequences identified in cattle,sheep,and rodents.Conclusion There may be a risk of Hunnivirus transmission in Yongxing Island,Sansha City,Hainan Province.The virus’s host includes cattle,rodents,and sheep,and cross-species transmission may occur between rodents and other animal species.Given the high rodent density in the area,continuous monitoring and the development of necessary prevention and control strategies are warranted.

关 键 词：鼠类 Hunnivirus 鼠传疾病 跨物种传播 系统发育分析 

分 类 号：R183.5[医药卫生—流行病学]