滇西北自然保护区低频泥石流形成条件及活动特征  

THE FORMATION CONDITIONS AND ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTICS OF LOW FREQUENCY DEBRIS FLOW IN THE NORTHWEST YUNNAN NATURE RESERVE

作　　者：刘珍 刘润中 李自强 LIU Zhen;LIU Run-zhong;LI Zi-qiang(Yunnan Geological Engineering Second Survey Institute Co.ITD,Kunming 650218,China)

机构地区：[1]云南地质工程第二勘察院有限公司,昆明650218

出　　处：《地质灾害与环境保护》2024年第4期16-21,30,共7页Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation

摘　　要：2023年8月15日,滇西北维西县滇金丝猴国家公园响古箐暴发大型低频泥石流,造成了响古箐下游主沟腊普河局部堵塞、景区淤埋、农田被淹及基础设施破坏等重大损失。基于响古箐泥石流特殊的自然地理条件,经深入调查、访问,强降雨是泥石流发生的主要诱发因素,沟谷纵坡降大,为水源汇集、物源启动提供了有利条件。而自然保护区植被覆盖度高、腐植层厚,造就了特殊的沟床堆积物启动、沟岸垮塌模式、冲出物源构成及堵溃成灾模式。低频泥石流具有隐蔽性、突发性、危害大的特点,滇西北自然保护区具备类似自然地理条件、地质环境条件的沟域,应作为低频泥石流灾害的重点调查识别对象。On August 15, 2023, a large-scale low-frequency debris flow broke out in Xiangguqing, Yunnan Golden Monkey National Park, Weixi County, northwest Yunnan, causing significant losses such as local blockage of the main ditch of the lower reaches of Xiangguqing, siltation of the scenic area, flooding of farmland, and damage to infrastructure. Based on the unique natural and geographical conditions of the Xiangguqing debris flow, through in-depth investigation and interviews, it has been found that heavy rainfall is the main triggering factor for the occurrence of debris flow. The large longitudinal slope of the valley provides favorable conditions for water source collection and material source activation. The high vegetation coverage and thick humus layer in nature reserves have created special patterns of gully bed accumulation initiation, gully bank collapse, composition of erosion sources, and blockage and disaster formation. Low frequency debris flows have the characteristics of concealment, suddenness, and great harm. Gully areas with similar natural geographical and geological environmental conditions in the Northwest Yunnan Nature Reserve should be the key investigation and identification objects for low-frequency debris flow disasters.

关 键 词：低频泥石流 林木腐朽 物源特征 自然保护区 滇西北 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学] P56[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]