曲靖马龙区通泉镇单层阻水型盖层地面塌陷成因研究  

STUDY ON THE CAUSE OF KARST COLLAPSE OF SINGLE-LAYER AQUICLUDE COVER IN TONGQUAN TOWN, MALONG DISTRICT, QUJING CITY

作　　者：朱凯 尹艳 刘皓 ZHU Kai;YIN Yan;LIU Hao(Qujing City Chemabi Reservoir Engineering Construction Administration,Qujing 655099,China;Power China Kunming Engineering Co.LTD.,Kunming 650041,China)

机构地区：[1]曲靖市车马碧水库工程建设管理局,曲靖655099 [2]中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司,昆明650041

出　　处：《地质灾害与环境保护》2024年第4期39-49,共11页Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation

摘　　要：论文以曲靖市马龙区通泉镇内已发生的塌陷为研究对象,在充分认识研究区地质背景、水文地质条件、塌陷地质原型的基础上,重点针对塌陷区典型的单层阻水型地面塌陷成因机制开展研究。首先,基于相似理论构建了单层阻水型覆盖型塌陷室内地质物理模型,并开展了符合实际的实验工况,模拟不同地下水位降速下的溶洞内压强变化和单层阻水型盖层变形演化规律,并提出了溶腔压强与地下水位降速的关系式。在此基础上,基于极限平衡理论,对单层阻水型盖层进行受力分析,提出了考虑溶洞真空压强与地下水位降速关系的盖层稳定性的判别公式。研究表明:(1)地下水位下降在溶洞中形成负压带,由此产生的真空吸蚀在塌陷过程中起主导作用;(2)实验尺度下,马龙区通泉镇单层阻水型盖层发生塌陷的临界水位降速约为0.98 m/d,当超过该临界值时形成塌陷。Based on the geological background, hydrogeological conditions and geological prototype of the subsidence area, the paper focuses on the genetic mechanism of typical single-layer aquiclude karst collapse in Tongquan Town, Malong District, Qujing City. Firstly, based on the similarity theory, an indoor geological physical model of a single-layer aquiclude cover collapse was constructed, and experimental conditions were carried out to simulate the pressure changes in the karst cave and the deformation evolution law of the single-layer aquiclude cover under different groundwater level drop rates. On this basis, based on the limit equilibrium theory, the force analysis of the single-layer aquiclude cover is carried out, and the discrimination formula of the cover stability considering the relationship between the vacuum pressure of the cave and the drop rate of the groundwater level is put forward. The results show that:(1) the decrease of groundwater level forms a negative pressure zone in the cave, and the resulting vacuum erosion plays a leading role in the collapse progress;(2) At the experimental scale, the critical water level drop rate of the collapse of the single-layer aquiclude cover in Tongquan Town, Malong District is about 0.98 m/d, and the collapse occurs when the critical value is exceeded.

关 键 词：岩溶塌陷 模型试验 单层结构 地下水位下降 致塌机理 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学] P642.26[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] TV131.61[天文地球—地质学]