基于薄壳理论的针刺式接地装置优化设计研究  

Optimal Design Research of Grounding Device with Spicules Based on Shell Theory

作　　者：李景丽[1] 刘璐瑶 朱子卓 李传举 LI Jingli;LIU Luyao;ZHU Zizhuo;LI Chuanju(School of Electrical and Information Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学电气与信息工程学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2024年第6期121-129,共9页Insulators and Surge Arresters

摘　　要：接地装置的冲击接地电阻对线路的耐雷水平有很大的影响,因此,对接地设备进行基于降阻效果的优化设计是非常有必要的。研究发现在接地极上加装针刺状导体能够改善接地装置冲击特性,文中基于薄壳理论建立了考虑土壤火花击穿特性的接地装置冲击特性有限元模型,然后分析了在水平接地体上添加针刺的降阻机理,最后采用仿真软件研究了针刺导体的位置、间距和角度对冲击接地电阻的影响。研究结果表明:针刺导体的位置、间距、角度与冲击接地电阻之间的关系并非线性,而是存在最优值。在水平接地体长度为15 m、针刺长度为1 m的情况下,于端部布置针刺,且两针刺间距为0.25 m、与垂直面夹角为30°时,可以有效降低冲击接地电阻,所得结论可以为接地装置的优化设计提供参考。The impact grounding resistance of grounding device is an important factor affecting the lightning resistance level of transmission lines.It is necessary to optimize the design of grounding device based on impact resistance reduction effect.It is found that adding a needle-like conductor to the grounding pole can improve the impact characteristics of the grounding device.Based on the thin shell theory,the finite element model of impact characteristics of grounding device is established considering the spark breakdown characteristics of soil,and then the resistance reduction mechanism of adding a needle-like conductor to the horizontal grounding body is analyzed.Finally,simulation software is used to study the effect of the position,distance and angle of the spicule conductor on the impact grounding resistance.The results show that the position,distance,and angle of spicules are non-monotonic and there is an optimal value.When the length of the horizontal grounding body is 15 m and the length of the spicule is 1 m,the spicules are placed at the tip,and the distance between the two pins is 0.25 m,and the angle between the two pins and the vertical plane is 30°,the impact grounding resistance can be effectively reduced.The conclusion can provide a reference for the optimization design of the grounding device.

关 键 词：冲击接地电阻 有限元模型 薄壳理论 针刺 火花效应 屏蔽效应 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]