以史为师的重拾与创新——德语区环境史学者笔下的自然灾害史研究  

Historia Magistra Vitae:Recalling and Innovation——A Study on the History of Natural Disasters Written by the Environmental Historians in German Speaking Area

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作  者:张弢[1] Zhang Tao

机构地区:[1]清华大学人文学院历史系,北京100084

出  处:《学术研究》2024年第12期129-142,178,共15页Academic Research

基  金:国家社科基金重大项目“环境史及其对史学的创新研究”(16ZDA122)的阶段性成果;“清华大学自主科研计划”(2024THZWJC22)支持。

摘  要:自然灾害史近年来成为德语区环境史领域的学术前沿之一。在研究的主旨方面,环境史学者重拾“以史为师”的史学传统价值观,大力提倡历史学古老的教育功能,其新近的灾害史书写为总结经验、汲取教训、改进灾害管理机制提供了历史的借鉴,凸显出环境史作为史学新兴学科的实用价值。德语区的环境史学者将环境史引入传统的自然灾害史叙事,在研究对象、方法、成果等方面做出了创新性的突破。“以史为师”观念的回归,既是批判史学的兴起使然,也关联着社会史、文化史等新史学流派之间的彼此争锋。环境史学者著作中的价值取向回应了学派争议,表明了自身倾向于文化史的学科定位。The history of natural disasters has become one of the academic frontiers in the field of environmental history in German speaking area.In terms of the research purpose,the German speaking environmental historians have regained the traditional value of“historiamagistra vitae”,and vigorously advocated the ancient educational function of history.Their recent historiography of natural disasters has provided historical reference for summing up experience,learning lessons,and improving disaster management mechanisms,highlighting the practical value of environmental history.The German speaking environmental historians have introduced environmental history into the traditional narrative of natural disaster history,and made breakthroughs in research object,approach,achievement etc.The reasons for recalling the concept“learning from history”is not only due to the rise of critical history,but also relates to the academic competition between new historical schools such as social history and cultural history.The works of environmental historians indicate their value orientation which preferences for the school of cultural history in the controversy.

关 键 词:环境史 自然灾害 德语史学界 向历史学习 历史的价值 

分 类 号:K093[历史地理—历史学]

 

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