若民高速公路建设野生动物保护对策  

Countermeasures for Protection of Wildlife during Ruo-Min Expressway Construction

作　　者：李伟[1] 王云[1] 杨艳刚[1] 周红萍[1] 孔亚平[1] LI Wei;WANG Yun;YANG Yan-gang;ZHOU Hong-ping;KONG Ya-ping(China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部科学研究院,北京市100029

出　　处：《公路》2024年第12期409-413,共5页Highway

基　　金：第三次新疆综合科学考察课题,项目编号2022xjkk1205;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目,项目编号20240604。

摘　　要：公路建设野生动物保护工作主要集中于设计或施工期,缺乏全过程的监测和保护。以若民高速公路建设为依托,利用遥感、无人机、红外监测、现场调查等技术,开展贯穿于设计、施工和运营期的野生动物监测和保护工作。研究显示若民高速公路建设对野生动物的影响既有正面也有负面,正面影响主要表现在路侧取土场由于积水成为多种国家级保护动物的栖息地,跨越地表水体设置的桥梁通道成为鹅喉羚等兽类的生命通道。负面影响主要是,高速公路运营初期发生塔里木兔路杀以及远离桥梁通道的隔离栅有一定阻隔影响。研究还总结出未来西北干旱区公路建设全过程中的野生动物保护对策。Presently the wildlife protection work in highway construction mainly focuses on the design or construction period,and lacks the monitoring and protection of the whole process.Taking Ruoqiang—Minfeng Expressway(Ruo-Min Expressway)construction as the background,by the method of remote sensing,UAV,infrared monitoring,field investigation and other technologies,wildlife monitoring and protection are carried out throughout the design,construction and operation period.This study shows the impact of highway construction on wildlife is both positive and negative.The positive impact is mainly manifested in that the accumulated water inside the borrow area on the roadside has become the habitat of a variety of national-level protected animals,and the bridge passage across the surface water has become the life passage of goitered gazelle(Gazella subgutturosa)and other mammals.The negative effects are mainly caused by the roadkill of the Yarkand Hare(Lepus yarkandensis)in the early stage of expressway operation and the blocking effect of the isolation fence away from the bridge passage.Through the study,the future wildlife protection countermeasures in the whole process of highway construction in the arid region of Northwest China are concluded.

关 键 词：道路生态学 野生动物通道 取土场 栖息地 环境影响评价 阻隔影响 

分 类 号：U491.8[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] X37[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]