顶板锚固支护条件下的采场结构参数优化研究  

Optimization of Stope Structure Parameters Under the Condition of Roof Anchoring Support

作　　者：高博 李广涛[1] 施仁智 王俊[1] 李聪 廉柏栋 李勇明 GAO Bo;LI Guangtao;SHI Renzhi;WANG Jun;LI Cong;LIAN Baidong;LI Yongming(Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650093,China;Baoshan Jinchanghe Mining Co.,Ltd.,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]保山金厂河矿业有限公司,云南保山市678000

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第12期20-30,共11页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：云南省基础研究专项—青年项目(202101AU070022);昆明理工大学人培基金项目(KKSY201921017,KKZ3202021040)。

摘　　要：采场的结构参数直接影响采场的稳定性和技术经济指标。为进一步提升采场的生产能力,针对云南金厂河矿ZnV3矿体采用阶段空场嗣后充填采矿法开采,顶板破碎围岩采用预应力“锚杆-锚索-锚网”协同支护的现状,对Ⅱ步骤采场结构参数进行优化研究。基于薄板理论推导得出Ⅱ步骤矿房顶板三边简支一边固支条件下的最大拉应力表达式,结合协同支护机理,在18 m最大跨度下,矿房顶板中心x、y方向和固支边中点拉应力值分别为0.48 MPa、0.21 MPa和0.55 MPa,满足顶板稳定性的要求。采用FLAC3D软件构建采场支护模型,并进行模拟计算。模拟结果表明,在锚索的减跨作用下,顶板的最小主应力值总体分布在-0.5~0.5 MPa之间,与理论计算结果基本吻合,确定18 m跨度为Ⅱ步骤采场的最优跨度。与15 m跨度的原方案相比,18 m跨度的优化方案的损失率和贫化率分别增长了1.557%和0.433%,采切比降低了1.16 m/kt,进一步提高了采场的生产能力。根据优化方案开展了工业试验,在18 m跨度下,采场损失率、贫化率和采切比分别为12.4%、10.8%和5.7 m/kt,矿房顶板保持稳定,验证了优化方案的可行性。研究结果可为类似矿山提供参考。The structure parameters of the stope directly affect the stability and technical and economic indexex of the stope. The ZnV3 ore body of Jinchanghe Mine in Yunnan Province is mined by stage open stoping with subsequent filling mining method, and the broken surrounding rock of the roof is collaborative supported by prestressed “anchor bolt-anchor cable-anchor net”. In order to further improve the production capacity of the stope, the structure parameters of the Ⅱ-step stope were optimized. Based on the thin plate theory, the expression of the maximum tensile stress under the condition of three-sided simply support and one-sided fixed support on the roof of the mine room in Ⅱ-step was derived. Combined with the collaborative supporting mechanism, under the maximum span of 18 m, the tensile stress values of the center of the roof in the x, y directions and the midpoint of the fixed edge are 0.48 MPa, 0.21 MPa and 0.55 MPa, respectively, which meet the requirements of roof stability. FLAC3D software was used to construct the stope support model and simulate the calculation. The simulation results show that the minimum principal stress value of the roof is generally distributed between-0.5 MPa and 0.5 MPa under the action of the span reduction of the anchor cable, which is basically consistent with the theoretical calculation results. It is determined that the 18 m span is the optimal span of the Ⅱ-step stope. Compared with the original scheme with a span of 15 m, the loss rate and dilution rate of the optimized scheme with a span of 18 m increases by 1.557% and 0.433% respectively, and the mining-cutting ratio decreases by 1.16 m/kt, which further improves the production capacity of the stope. The industrial test was carried out according to the optimization scheme. Under the span of 18 m, the stope loss rate, dilution rate and mining-cutting ratio are 12.4%, 10.8% and 5.7 m/kt, respectively. The roof of the mine room remain stable, which verifies the feasibility of the optimization scheme. The research re

关 键 词：阶段空场嗣后充填采矿法 “锚杆-锚索-锚网”协同支护 薄板理论 采场结构参数 技术经济指标 

分 类 号：TD853.34[矿业工程—金属矿开采]