基于FLUENT数值模拟的径向水射流钻头前端结构参数优化  

Optimization of Front-End Structural Parameters of Radial Water Jet Bit Based on FLUENT Numerical Simulation

作　　者：许亚优 田佳阔 戴兴茹 康建宏[2] 吴珍锁[3] XU Yayou;TIAN Jiakuo;DAI Xingru;KANG Jianhong;WU Zhensuo(Research Center on Mine Ventilation Safety and Occupational Health Protection of National Energy Group,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017209,China;School of Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221l16,China;Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group Co.,Ltd.,Handan,Hebei 056008,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团矿井通风安全与职业健康防护研究中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯市017209 [2]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州市221116 [3]冀中能源峰峰集团有限公司,河北邯郸市056008

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第12期212-220,共9页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52274240);江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助项目(苏教师函[2021]11号)。

摘　　要：多孔射流钻头是地面水射流径向钻井技术的核心部件。针对现有研究未考虑前端结构参数对射流动力性能的影响,构建多孔钻头前端结构模型,基于FLUENT数值模拟软件,分析了射流速度、射流压力、湍流强度等水射流破岩性能参数。通过控制单一变量,研究喷嘴长径比、喷嘴排列紧密度等结构参数对径向水射流钻头射流动力特性的影响规律,进而优化多孔钻头前端结构参数。结果表明:中心喷嘴钻头形成的最大射流压力更大,可达不含中心喷嘴钻头的2.3倍,更利于破岩并保证破岩孔眼形状规则;圆弧形流道钻头中心喷嘴与侧向喷嘴之间的射流效果差异最小,射流压力较均衡,射流性能较好;中心喷嘴几乎不受布置半径影响,侧向喷嘴布置半径优选范围在3.5~4.5 mm,在布置半径为3.5 mm时,钻头射流能量较为集中,布置半径为4.0 mm时射流速度最大;中心喷嘴长径比为4.0时射流相对较稳定,湍流强度在距中心喷嘴出口2~5 mm区间内低于23%,侧向喷嘴长径比为4.5时射流等速核最长,射流速度相对较大,湍流强度最小。The multi-hole jet bit is the core component of the surface water jet radial drilling technology. The existing research does not consider the influence of the front-end structural parameters on the jet dynamic performance. The front-end structural model of the multi-hole bit was constructed. Based on FLUENT numerical simulation software, the rock-breaking performance parameters of water jet such as jet velocity, jet pressure and turbulence intensity were analyzed. By controlling a single variable, the influence of structural parameters such as nozzle aspect ratio and nozzle arrangement tightness on the jet dynamic characteristics of the radial water jet bit was studied, and the structural parameters of the front-end of the multi-hole bit were optimized. The results show that the maximum jet pressure formed by the central nozzle bit is larger, up to 2.3 times that of the non-central nozzle bit, which is more conducive to rock-breaking and ensures the regular shape of the rock-breaking borehole. The jet effect difference between the central nozzle and the lateral nozzle of the bit with the circular arc flow channel is the smallest, the jet pressure is more balanced, and the jet performance is better. The central nozzle is almost not affected by the arrangement radius, and the preferred range of the lateral nozzle arrangement radius is 3.5-4.5 mm. When the arrangement radius is 3.5 mm, the jet energy of the bit is more concentrated, and the jet velocity is the largest when the arrangement radius is 4.0 mm. The jet is relatively stable when the aspect ratio of the central nozzle is 4.0.The turbulence intensity is less than 23% in the range of 2-5 mm from the outlet of the central nozzle. When the aspect ratio of the lateral nozzle is 4.5, the jet constant velocity core is the longest, the jet velocity is relatively large, and the turbulence intensity is the smallest.

关 键 词：水射流径向井 多孔射流钻头 孔眼参数 结构优化 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD41[矿业工程—矿山机电]