从辨病走向辨证——从黄疸分类的演变谈中医学诊疗模式的变迁  

From Disease Differentiation to Pattern Differentiation:Discussing the Changes of Diagnostic and Treatment Models from the Evolution Transition of Jaundice Classification in Traditional Chinese Medicine

作　　者：付广威 桑希生[1] 程伟[1,2] FU Guangwei;SANG Xisheng;CHENG Wei(College of Basic Medical Sciences,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China;College of Pharmacy,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学基础医学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]哈尔滨商业大学药学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《中医药学报》2025年第1期1-6,共6页Acta Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021H083)。

摘　　要：中医对黄疸的分类经历了辨病分类、辨病与辨症分类并行、辨证分类兴起并成为主体三个历史阶段。金元以前,中医辨治黄疸主要有以病为纲下的辨证论治以及单纯辨症两种方式;金元以后,黄疸的辨治逐渐脱离了疾病的主体,走向单纯的辨证论治。通过对黄疸辨治由辨病转向辨证的分析,可以帮助我们更加深入地理解中医学诊疗模式的变迁,更好地把握中医学的病证关系、明晰中医病名与病症概念混淆等问题的内在原因。回溯、挖掘中医辨病的理论与经验,结合现代研究进行深入解析,有助于中医学在当代的创新与发展。The classification of jaundice in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has undergone three historical stages:classification by disease differentiation,classification by both disease differentition and pattern differentiation,and the rise of classification by pattern differentiation which became the main approach.Before the Jin and Yuan dynasties,the diagnosis and treatment of jaundice in TCM primarily followed a disease differentiation model,supplemented by Pattern Differentiation.After the Jin and Yuan dynasties,the differentiation and treatment of jaundice gradually moved away from focusing on the disease itself to purely Pattern Differentiation.Analyzing the transition from disease differentiation to Pattern Differentiation in jaundice can help us understand the evolution of the diagnostic and treatment models in TCM more deeply,better grasp the relationship between diseases and patterns in TCM,and clarify the inherent reasons for the confusion between TCM disease names and symptom names.Retrospective exploration of the theories and experiences in disease differentiation in TCM,combined with modern research for in-depth analysis,can contribute to the innovative development of TCM in the contemporary era.

关 键 词：黄疸分类 辨病论治 辨证论治 病证结合 

分 类 号：R241[医药卫生—中医诊断学]