新疆花生生产比较优势分析  

Analysis of Comparative Advantages of Peanut Production in Xinjiang

作　　者：宋玉兰[1] 邹昕彤 杨伟 张雨 SONG Yu-lan;ZOU Xin-tong;YANG Wei;ZHANG Yu(College of Economics and Management,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学经济管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《花生学报》2024年第4期125-134,共10页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02008);兵团财政科技计划项目(S2023AB1856)。

摘　　要：本文旨在探究新疆花生产业竞争优势与发展潜力。基于比较优势理论,结合效率优势指数、规模优势指数和综合优势指数,本文对新疆与国内九大花生主产省区的比较优势进行深入研究,并与疆内主栽作物进行比较。结果显示,新疆在发展花生产业效率优势方面表现突出,同时新疆花生较其他花生主产省区和疆内主栽作物的生产效益也较高,但受限于生产规模,其综合比较优势并不明显。据此认为,新疆应当通过建立和完善优良品种配套的高产、优质、高效栽培技术体系,大范围推广花生产业化种植,并建立花生原料生产基地及标准化推广示范基地,优化加工专用花生品种原料基地布局,构建产业链、创新技术链、完善供应链,通过优化资源配置、产学研协作,大力推进新疆花生产业高质量发展。This paper aims to explore the competitive advantages and development potential of peanut industry in Xinjiang.Based on the theory of comparative advantage,the efficiency advantage index,scale advantage index,and comprehensive advantage index are compared in this article to identify the comparative advantages of peanut production in Xinjiang with nine major peanut producing provinces in China and other mainly cultivated crops in Xinjiang.The results show that Xinjiang has outstanding advantages in developing peanut industry,meanwhile,Xinjiang's peanut production showes higher economic return than other main peanut producing provinces and other mainly cultivated crops in Xinjiang,but its comprehensive comparative advantage is limited due to economic of scale and its production efficiency.Thus,Xinjiang peanut production should establish and improve the efficiency in cultivation technology in supporting high-yield and high-quality peanut varieties.Meanwhile,Xinjiang peanut production should promote large scale industrialized production systems,and establish peanut raw material processing bases to demonstrate and promote high industry standard in peanut processing.The development of Xinjiang's peanut industry can be facilitated through optimizing the layout of processing raw peanut materials,building an industrial chain,innovating the technology chain,and improving the peanut supply chain,meanwhile vigorously promoting the high-quality development of Xinjiang's peanut industry by optimizing resource allocation and industry-university-research collaboration.

关 键 词：新疆 花生 主栽作物 比较优势 优势指数 效益 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学] F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]