老年人对高频率声源的感知与声景评价初步研究  

A Preliminary Study on the Elderly's Perception of High-Frequency Sound Sources and Soundscape Evaluation

作　　者：姚郁 邹源[1] 王晓[1] Yao Yu;Zou Yuan;Wang Xiao

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院

出　　处：《华中建筑》2025年第1期44-49,共6页Huazhong Architecture

摘　　要：鉴于中国日益增长的老龄化趋势和大量听力下降的老年人,研究主要关注老年群体对高频率声源的感知与声景评价。以武汉市解放公园为研究区域,老年和青年群体为研究对象,通过现场实验和问卷形式,收集相关数据并进行统计分析。结果表明,老年群体和青年群体对高频声源的感知存在显著差异;老年群体对高频声源感知明显不足,通过提高自然高频率声源如鸟鸣、蝉鸣的响度可改善老年群体对声景的感知和评价,且老年群体对鸟鸣声、蝉鸣声的响度需求相对较高。研究结果可为公园、养老院、住宅等外环境声景无障碍设计提供参考。In view of the growing aging trend in China and the large number of elderly people with hearing loss,we focus on the perception and soundscape evaluation of high-frequency sound sources by elderly people.Taking Jiefang Park in Wuhan City as the study area and the elderly and youth groups as the study subjects,relevant data were collected and statistically analyzed through field experiments and questionnaires.The results indicate that there are significant differences in the perception of high-frequency sound sources between the elderly and the young.The elderly group exhibits a notable lack of perception towards high-frequency sound sources.By increasing the loudness of natural high-frequency sound sources such as birdsong and cicada chirping,the perception and evaluation of soundscapes among the elderly can be improved.Additionally,the elderly have a relatively higher demand for the loudness of birdsong and cicada chirping.The findings can provide valuable references for barrier-free design of soundscapes in outdoor environments such as parks,nursing homes,and residential areas.

关 键 词：老年人 声环境 高频率声源 声源感知 声景评价 

分 类 号：TU112.4[建筑科学—建筑理论]