《甲骨文合集》36661、40311释文研读札记  

Two Notes on The Oracle Bones'Inscriptions of Yin Ruins

作　　者：龙正海 Long Zhenghai

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学文学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《贵州文史丛刊》2024年第4期12-21,共10页GUIZHOU CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL JOURNAL

基　　金：2022年国家教育部重大课题攻关项目“基于数据库技术的殷商甲骨刻辞事类排谱、整理与研究”(项目编号:22JZD036)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：文章是契文研读的二则札记。第一则根据近年出版的《殷墟》04号中所刊布清晰图版校勘补正《甲骨文合集》36661著录释文。藉由核校发现,该版辞条凡见有七,应当依从自内向外、自下而上的行款走向安排次序。其中,颇有争议的盾纹左上方卜辞应作“其于己卯,王廼各召,王弗每(悔),■(擒)?二”“■丁卯王□各■王[弗][每(悔)],■(擒)”理解为宜。第二则是对《合集》40311“戚”字加以补说。研究发现,该“戚”字形得到考古材料的印证,可为历组卜辞时代提前的观点补充新的证据。同时,该版卜辞表明戚舞行为主体关涉商王,见于它辞远祖先公“王亥”致祭对象与之相呼应;戚舞之所以用以祈求“不冓(遘)雨”或“不雨”,大抵乃自身所带“兵象”使然。The thesis believes that Heji(The Collection of Oracle Bones Inscriptions)36661should remain seven oracle inscriptions and word order following the inscriptions arrangement from the inside to the outside and from the bottom to the upside,based on the new material in the arts of the Shang Dynasty.Therefore,the paper further argues that the most controversial oracle bone inscriptions should be read as"Qi yu ji mao,wang nai ge Zhao,wang fu hui,qin?er(其于己卯,王廼各召,王弗每,■?二)",and“ding mao wang□ge ■wang fu hui,qin(■丁卯王□各■王[弗][每],)”.Meanwhile,the character"Qi"in Heji 40311 has significant value for paleographic and historical research.According to the author's views,the shape of the character“Qi”(戚)was corroborated by archaeological material,which provides new material evidence for the academic view that the date of the"Li Group"oracle inscriptions should be put ahead.Additionally,the oracle bone inscriptions recorded that the King of Shang Dynasty hosted the"Qi"dance ceremony and indicated that the terns of dancer was the King,and the terns of praying object was male ancestor of"王亥"(King Hai)in other oracle bone inscriptions coincided with it.The"Qi"dance was used for missing the rain(不遘雨)or stopping rain(不雨),because the terns of dancers believed that its"martial image"with deterrent power could influence the rain.

关 键 词：《合集》36661 《合集》40311 守兆 历组卜辞 戚舞 

分 类 号：K877.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K223[历史地理—历史学]