“冷盆”缫丝技术与阆中源考  

“Cold-basin”silk reeling technique and its Langzhong origin

作　　者：刘凯旋[1,2] 陈祥平 程明[1,2] LIU Kaixuan;CHEN Xiangping;CHENG Ming(Sichuan Academy of Silk Sciences,Chengdu 610031,China;Sichuan Silk Association,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省丝绸科学研究院,成都610031 [2]四川省丝绸协会,成都610031

出　　处：《丝绸》2025年第1期94-100,共7页Journal of Silk

摘　　要：四川省阆中市出土的“缫丝图铜摆件”被专家鉴定为宋代铸造,其展现的煮、缫分离的“冷盆”缫丝技术,乃现代缫丝工业技术之雏形,对于蚕丝品质的提升具有里程碑的意义。而现已出版的中国丝绸史书籍中将“冷盆”缫丝技术划归元代加以描述。文章对宋代前后缫车及缫丝工艺技术演变过程进行历史追溯和研究,对阆中从宋代至民国与“冷盆”缫丝相关的历史脉络进行梳理,以探究“冷盆”缫丝技术的渊源。研究表明,“冷盆”缫丝技术源于宋代,而“缫丝图铜摆件”所呈现的煮、缫分离的缫丝生产场景,与现有文献典籍及图考中所载“冷盆”缫丝高度契合,且三者互为映射,从而印证了阆中(古阆州)为宋代“冷盆”缫丝技术源流地。In Langzhong City Museum of Sichuan,China,there is a“silk reeling bronze ornament”on the bronze casting display.Excavated in the 1990s and identified by experts of cultural relic protection institutions,the ornament is a grade three cultural relic used as paperweight in the study during the Song Dynasty.Exhibiting the silk reeling craft workshop production scene,it condenses the essence of ancient China’s silk reeling techniques.It not only serves as physical source material for researching the cocoon silk history of the Song Dynasty,but also evidently reflects and verifies the technical level of silk reeling production in the Song Dynasty.Interestingly,this ornament is very similar to the historical description of the production scene of“cold-basin reeling”which was classified as a Yuan Dynasty invention by all current publications of Chinese silk history,simply because there was no prior record of“cold-basin reeling”before the Yuan Dynasty.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the origin of“cold-basin”silk reeling technique.As the old saying goes,“one shakes the leaves to find the roots,and observes the waves to seek the source”.This paper traced back and researched the evolution of silk reeling machine and its craft technique from pre-Song to post-Song,sorted out the historical context of“cold-basin”silk reeling in Langzhong from the Song Dynasty to the Republic of China,compared the features and qualities of“cold-basin reeling”with those of“hot-basin reeling”,analyzed and textually validated the time period when the word“cold-water reeling”initially appeared,as well as the similarity between the technique of“cold-water reeling”and“cold-basin reeling”,and traced the origin of the“cold-basin reeling”technique with currently available historical materials.The study found out that the“cold-water reeling”in Chen Yuanliang’s Bo Wen Lu describes the exact same concept as“cold-basin reeling”in Chang Shiwen’s Fundamentals of Agriculture and Sericulture.E

关 键 词：宋代 缫丝图铜摆件 缫丝技术 阆中 冷盆缫丝 源流地 

分 类 号：TS143.223[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计] K876.9[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]